Publications
An overview of scientific publications offering insights into hemodynamic principles and applications.
Hemodynamix related publications
| Publication | Title | Summary | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gaertner M, Glocker R, Glocker F, Hopf HB. Continuous long-term wireless measurement of right ventricular pressures and estimated diastolic pulmonary artery pressure in patients with severe COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome. ESC Heart Fail. 2021 Dec;8(6):5213-5221. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.13600. Epub 2021 Sep 6. PMID: 34490736; PMCID: PMC8652894. | Continuous long-term wireless measurement of right ventricular pressures and estimated diastolic pulmonary artery pressure in patients with severe COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome | Analysis of continuous right ventricular pressure waveforms up to 30 days. | 2021 | ESC HF |
| Kremer N, Rako Z, Glocker F, Tello K. Monitoring of Right Ventricular Failure With Daily Pressure Volume Loops Obtained via an Application and 3-Dimensional Echocardiography. Circ Heart Fail. 2023 Jan;16(1):e010097. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.122.010097. Epub 2022 Nov 14. PMID: 36373554. | Monitoring of Right Ventricular Failure With Daily Pressure Volume Loops Obtained via an Application and 3-Dimensional Echocardiography | Combination of right ventricular pressure waveforms and volume curves from 3D-Echocardiography. | 2022 | Circ. HF |
| Gaertner M, Glocker R, Glocker F, Hopf HB. Pressure-based beat-to-beat right ventricular ejection fraction and Tau from continuous measured ventricular pressures in COVID-19 ARDS patients. Pulm Circ. 2023 Jan 6;13(1):e12179. doi: 10.1002/pul2.12179. PMID: 36718290; PMCID: PMC9817071. | Pressure-based beat-to-beat right ventricular ejection fraction and Tau from continuous measured ventricular pressures in COVID-19 ARDS patients | Analysis of continuous right ventricular pressure waveforms up to 30 days and calculation of pressure-based ejection fraction and relaxation constant Tau. | 2023 | Pulm. Circ. |
| Kremer N, Glocker F, Schäfer S, Rako Z, Yogeswaran A, Seeger W, Hopf HB, Tello K. Precision cardiac monitoring: algorithmic real-time assessment of right ventricular function in pulmonary hypertension. ESC Heart Fail. 2024 Aug;11(4):2469-2472. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.14833. Epub 2024 Apr 30. PMID: 38689380; PMCID: PMC11287341. | Precision cardiac monitoring: algorithmic real-time assessment of right ventricular function in pulmonary hypertension | Validation of method to estimate hydromotive source pressure for continuous calculation of pressure-based ejection fraction. | 2024 | ESC HF |
| Araos, Joaquin D.V.M., Ph.D.; Glocker, Felix M.Sc.; Owyang, Clark G. M.D.; Teran, Felipe M.D.; Kim, Jiwon M.D.; Nieman, Gary B.S.; Heerdt, Paul M. M.D., Ph.D. Biventricular Response to Positive End-expiratory Pressure in Swine: Assessment Based on Beat-to-beat Pressure Waveform Analysis. Anesthesiology, February 13, 2025. | DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000005363 | Biventricular Response to Positive End-expiratory Pressure in Swine: Assessment Based on Beat-to-beat Pressure Waveform Analysis | Increasing positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) impairs right ventricular function by increasing afterload while preserving left ventricular function, with effects more pronounced at higher PEEP levels. This study suggests that continuous, beat-to-beat pressure-based analysis could provide a practical bedside alternative for monitoring PEEP-related hemodynamic changes. | 2025 | Anesthesiology |
| Kremer, N., Glocker, F., Schaefer, S., Janetzko, P., Yogeswaran, A., Rako, Z., Thal, B., Hopf, H.-B., Seeger, W., Ghofrani, H.-A., Heerdt, P. M., & Tello, K. (2025). Method for generating right ventricular pressure–volume loops in routine practice. Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2025.09.002 | Method for generating right ventricular pressure–volume loops in routine practice | This study presents and validates a novel algorithm that reconstructs right ventricular pressure–volume loops from routine right heart catheterization pressure waveforms, eliminating the need for conductance catheterization. The method showed strong agreement with conductance catheterization and echocardiography for key functional parameters, supporting its feasibility for clinical integration. | 2025 | Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation |
Publications about Hemodynamics
| Publication | Title | Summary | Year | Journal/Medium |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Harvey, William. “Exercitatio anatomica de motu cordis et sanguinis in animalibus.” Frankfurt am Main 1628 (1928): 17. | Exercitatio anatomica de motu cordis et sanguinis in animalibus | Introduction of the theory of blood circulation. | 1628 | |
| Hales, Stephen. Statical essays… Vol. 2. W. Innys and R. Manby…; T. Woodward… and J. Peele, 1733. | Statical essays | First measurement of arterial blood pressure. | 1733 | Statical Essays Vol. 2 |
| Young Thomas (1809). The Croonian Lecture: On the Functions of the Heart and Arteries. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 991–31. | The Croonian Lecture: On the Functions of the Heart and Arteries | This lecture examines the roles of the heart and arteries in the circulatory system, detailing how the heart pumps blood and how arteries transport it. It also highlights the relationship between heart function and blood flow, emphasizing key physiological mechanisms relevant to cardiovascular health. | 1809 | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society |
| Poiseuille, J. L. M. “Researches on the Force of the Aortal or Left Side of the Heart.” Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal 32.100 (1829): 28. | Researches on the Force of the Aortal or Left Side of the Heart | Description of the haemodynamometer (mercury pressure gauge). | 1829 | Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal |
| Cyon E. Über den Einfluss der Temperaturänderungen auf Zahl, Dauer und Stärke der Herzschläge. Berichte über die Verhandlungen der Königlich Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig. Mathematisch-Physische Classe 18: 256–306, 1866. | Über den Einfluss der Temperaturänderungen auf Zahl, Dauer und Stärke der Herzschläge | Cyon used the newly established isolated, perfused frog heart to quantify how temperature alters the rate, duration, and strength of heartbeats. He showed that warming accelerates the rhythm and shortens contraction while cooling slows and prolongs it, and he noted in this preparation that adequate diastolic filling was required to sustain ejection, an observation later highlighted in historical reviews. | 1866 | Berichte der Königlichen Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften |
| Coats, J. (1869). Wie ändern sich durch die Erregung des N. vagus die Arbeit und die innern Reize des Herzens? Berichte der Königlichen Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, 21, [pp. xx–xx]. Leipzig: S. Hirzel. [German; English title: How does stimulation of the vagus nerve change the work and intrinsic stimuli of the heart?] | Wie ändern sich durch die Erregung des N. vagus die Arbeit und die innern Reize des Herzens? | Using Ludwig’s isolated frog heart, Coats investigated vagus stimulation and, in control experiments recorded by Bowditch and rooted in Cyon’s 1866 preparation, showed that greater diastolic filling increased contraction amplitude and that the effect was reversible. | 1869 | Berichte der Königlichen Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften |
| Bowditch HP. Über die Eigenthümlichkeiten der Reizbarkeit, welche die Muskelfasern des Herzens zeigen. Berichte über die Verhandlungen der Königlich Sächsischen Gesellschaft zu Leipzig. Mathematisch-Physische Classe 23: 652–689, 1871. | Über die Eigenthümlichkeiten der Reizbarkeit, welche die Muskelfasern des Herzens zeigen | Bowditch analyzed the excitability of cardiac muscle in the isolated frog heart and described the staircase (Treppe) phenomenon, in which successive stimuli after rest produce progressively larger contractions at a constant stimulation rate. He further demonstrated the all-or-none behavior of the heart and defined an absolute refractory period that prevents tetanic fusion, mapping how excitability varies across the cardiac cycle. | 1871 | Berichte der Königlichen Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften |
| Frank O (1895) Zur Dynamik des Herzmuskels. Z. Biol. 32: 370–447 See: 10.1016/0002-8703(59)90345-X | Zur Dynamik des Herzmuskels | Introduction of the Frank-Starling mechanism. | 1895 | Z. Biol. 32 |
| Riva-Rocci, Scipione. “Un nuovo sfigmomanometro.” Gazz Med Torino 47 (1896): 981-1001. | Un nuovo sfigmomanometro | Description of the sphygmomanometer. | 1896 | Gazz Med Torino 47 |
| Frank O (1899) Die Grundform des arteriellen Pulses. Z. Biol. 37: 483-526. See: 10.1016/0022-2828(90)91459-k | Grundform des arteriellen Pulses | Introduction of pulse contour analysis. Introduction of the Wind-Kessel model for the the ventricular-arterial unit. | 1899 | Z. Biol. 37 |
| Korotkoff, N. “To the question of methods of determining the blood pressure.” Rep Imp Mil Acad 11 (1905): 365-367. | To the question of methods of determining the blood pressure | The author concludes that a compressed artery in normal conditions produces no sound and proposes an auscultatory method to measure blood pressure. By inflating a cuff to obstruct circulation and listening for sounds as the pressure decreases, the points at which sounds first appear and later disappear indicate maximal and minimal blood pressure, respectively. | 1905 | Rep Imp Mil Acad 11 |
| von Anrep G. On the part played by the suprarenals in the normal vascular reactions of the body. J Physiol. 1912 Dec 9;45(5):307-17. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1912.sp001553. PMID: 16993158; PMCID: PMC1512890. | On the part played by the suprarenals in the normal vascular reactions of the body | Introduction of the Anrep effect. | 1912 | J Physiol |
| Patterson SW, Starling EH. On the mechanical factors which determine the output of the ventricles. J Physiol. 1914 Sep 8;48(5):357-79. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1914.sp001669. PMID: 16993262; PMCID: PMC1420422. | On the mechanical factors which determine the output of the ventricles | Rediscovery of the Frank-Starling mechanism as the “Law of the heart”. | 1914 | J Physiol |
| Bramwell, J. Crighton, and Archibald Vivian Hill. “The velocity of pulse wave in man.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character 93.652 (1922): 298-306. | The velocity of pulse wave in man | Theory and measurements of the velocity of pulse wave in humans. | 1922 | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London |
| Wiggers, Carl J., and Louis N. Katz. “The contour of the ventricular volume curves under different conditions.” American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content 58.3 (1922): 439-475. | The contour of the ventricular volume curves under different conditions | The contour of the ventricular volume curves under different conditions. | 1922 | American Journal of Physiology |
| Murray CD. The Physiological Principle of Minimum Work: I. The Vascular System and the Cost of Blood Volume. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1926;12(3):207-214. doi:10.1073/pnas.12.3.207 | The Physiological Principle of Minimum Work: I. The Vascular System and the Cost of Blood Volume. | This paper proposes that the vascular system is organized to minimize total work by balancing the cost of blood volume and flow resistance. He derives equations showing that optimal blood flow scales with the cube of vessel radius and supports this with physiological data. | 1926 | PNAS |
| Forssmann, W. (1929). Die sondierung des rechten herzens. (The catheterization of the right heart) | Die sondierung des rechten herzens | Werner Forssmann demonstrated the feasibility of cardiac catheterization by inserting a catheter into his own right atrium and documenting the procedure radiographically. This work contributed to the development of interventional cardiology by establishing a method for direct cardiac access. | 1929 | |
| Katz, Louis N. “The role played by the ventricular relaxation process in filling the ventricle.” American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content 95.3 (1930): 542-553. | The role played by the ventricular relaxation process in filling the ventricle | The role played by the ventricular relaxation process in filling the ventricle. Evidence of sucking action of the ventricle during diastole. | 1930 | American Journal of Physiology |
| Johnson, Victor, et al. “Studies on the dynamics of the pulmonary circulation.” American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content 120.3 (1937): 624-634. | Studies on the dynamics of the pulmonary circulation | Studies on the dynamics of the pulmonary circulation. | 1937 | American Journal of Physiology |
| Cournand A. Recent Observations on the Dynamics of the Pulmonary Circulation. Bull N Y Acad Med. 1947 Jan;23(1):27-50. PMID: 19312508; PMCID: PMC1871320. | Recent Observations on the Dynamics of the Pulmonary Circulation | Effective physiological methods for studying the pulmonary circulation are made available to clinicians and can be used for diagnosis in selected cases of congenital heart defects. | 1947 | Bull N Y Acad Med |
| Cournand A, Motley HL. Physiological studies of the effects of intermittent positive pressure breathing on cardiac output in man. Am J Physiol. 1948;152(1):162-174. doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1947.152.1.162 | Physiological studies of the effects of intermittent positive pressure breathing on cardiac output in man | Variations in intrathoracic pressure significantly influence right heart filling pressure and cardiac output, with intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB) affecting these dynamics in different ways depending on the mask pressure curve. The most effective IPPB pattern for maintaining stable cardiac output features a gradual increase in inspiratory pressure, a rapid drop in expiratory pressure to near atmospheric levels, and an expiratory phase equal to or longer than inspiration, allowing full compensation of right ventricular filling pressure changes. | 1948 | American Journal of Physiology |
| HELLEMS HK, HAYNES FW, DEXTER L. Pulmonary capillary pressure in man. J Appl Physiol. 1949 Jul;2(1):24-9. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1949.2.1.24. PMID: 18133124. | Pulmonary capillary pressure in man | Measurement of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in man. | 1949 | J Appl Physiol |
| Keidel WD. Über eine neue methode zur registrierung der volumenänderung des Herzens am Menschen. Der Ultraschall in der Medizin, Kongressbericht der Erlangen Ultraschall-Tagung. S. Hirzel Verlag Zürich 1949:p68–70. | On a new method for recording cardiac volume changes in humans. | First use of ultrasound on the heart | 1949 | Kongressbericht der Erlangen Ultraschall-Tagung |
| BAXTER IG, PEARCE JW. Simultaneous measurement of pulmonary arterial flow and pressure using condenser manometers. J Physiol. 1951 Dec 28;115(4):410-29. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1951.sp004678. PMID: 14898519; PMCID: PMC1392033. | Simultaneous measurement of pulmonary arterial flow and pressure using condenser manometers | This study outlines a method to measure pulmonary arterial pressure and pulsatile volume flow at the same time in freely breathing animals. When vasomotor activity is stable, the effective incisural pressure has a roughly linear relationship with the beat volume flow in the artery. | 1951 | J Physiol |
| WARNER HR, SWAN HJ, CONNOLLY DC, TOMPKINS RG, WOOD EH. Quantitation of beat-to-beat changes in stroke volume from the aortic pulse contour in man. J Appl Physiol. 1953;5(9):495-507. doi:10.1152/jappl.1953.5.9.495 | Quantitation of beat-to-beat changes in stroke volume from the aortic pulse contour in man | Derivation and validation of equations to estimate beat-to-beat changes in stroke volume from central arterial pressure pulses, using a subject-specific pressure–volume factor calibrated once under steady-state conditions with an independent method such as Fick or dye dilution. Across varied stressors including exercise, tilt, and external pressure, the pressure-pulse method tracked stroke volume changes with good agreement to reference methods. | 1953 | J Appl Physiol |
| FEGLER G. Measurement of cardiac output in anaesthetized animals by a thermodilution method. Q J Exp Physiol Cogn Med Sci. 1954;39(3):153-64. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.1954.sp001067. PMID: 13194838. | Measurement of cardiac output in anaesthetized animals by a thermodilution method | Introduction of the thermodilution method | 1954 | Q J Exp Physiol Cogn Med Sci |
| Edler I, Hertz CH. The use of ultrasonic reflectoscope for the continuous recording of the movements of heart walls. Kungliga Fysiografiska Sällskapets i Lund Förhandlingar 1954;24:40–58. | The use of ultrasonic reflectoscope for the continuous recording of the movements of heart walls | First use of reflected ultrasound on the heart | 1954 | Kungliga Fysiografiska Sällskapets i Lund Förhandlingar |
| KORNER P, SHILLINGFORD J. The right atrial pulse in congestive heart failure. Br Heart J. 1954 Oct;16(4):447-50. doi: 10.1136/hrt.16.4.447. PMID: 13208902; PMCID: PMC503906. | The right atrial pulse in congestive heart failure | The right atrial pressure curves were examined in 48 patients, both with and without cardiac failure. As mean right atrial pressure increased, the shape of the pulse curve changed. Moderate increases in venous pressure led to impaired X descent, while higher mean pressures resulted in a positive systolic wave. | 1954 | Br Heart J |
| GUYTON AC. Determination of cardiac output by equating venous return curves with cardiac response curves. Physiol Rev. 1955 Jan;35(1):123-9. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1955.35.1.123. PMID: 14356924. | Determination of cardiac output by equating venous return curves with cardiac response curves | Determination of cardiac output by equating venous return curves with cardiac response curves. | 1955 | Physiol Rev |
| McDONALD DA. The relation of pulsatile pressure to flow in arteries. J Physiol. 1955 Mar 28;127(3):533-52. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1955.sp005275. PMID: 14368547; PMCID: PMC1365739. | The relation of pulsatile pressure to flow in arteries | The relation of pulsatile pressure to flow in arteries. | 1955 | J Physiol |
| WOMERSLEY JR. Method for the calculation of velocity, rate of flow and viscous drag in arteries when the pressure gradient is known. J Physiol. 1955 Mar 28;127(3):553-63. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1955.sp005276. PMID: 14368548; PMCID: PMC1365740. | Method for the calculation of velocity, rate of flow and viscous drag in arteries when the pressure gradient is known | Method for the calculation of velocity, rate of flow and viscous drag in arteries when the pressure gradient is known | 1955 | J Physiol |
| WOOD P. Pulmonary hypertension with special reference to the vasoconstrictive factor. Br Heart J. 1958 Oct;20(4):557-70. doi: 10.1136/hrt.20.4.557. PMID: 13584643; PMCID: PMC491807. | Pulmonary hypertension with special reference to the vasoconstrictive factor | A classification of pulmonary hypertension is proposed, emphasizing the role of acetylcholine as a selective pulmonary vasodilator useful for assessing the degree of physiological vasoconstriction in different forms of the condition. The findings indicate that active vasoconstriction significantly contributes to primary and reactive pulmonary hypertension but is absent in Eisenmenger syndrome, suggesting a self-perpetuating cycle of increased resistance and vascular remodeling, with obliterative and thrombo-obstructive changes developing over time. | 1958 | Br Heart J |
| BERGEL, D. H., CARO, C. G. & McDoNALD, D. A. (1960). The input impedance of the pulmonary vascular bed. J. Physiol. 154, 18-19P. | The input impedance of the pulmonary vascular bed | The input impedance of the pulmonary vascular bed. | 1960 | J Physiol |
| FRY DL. Physiologic recording by modern instruments with particular reference to pressure recording. Physiol Rev. 1960 Oct;40:753-88. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1960.40.4.753. PMID: 13702320. | Physiologic recording by modern instruments with particular reference to pressure recording | This review examines the significance, occurrence, and estimation methods of key measurement errors in selecting physiologic recording systems. | 1960 | Physiol Rev |
| CARO CG, McDONALD DA. The relation of pulsatile pressure and flow in the pulmonary vascular bed. J Physiol. 1961 Aug;157(3):426-53. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1961.sp006734. PMID: 13690903; PMCID: PMC1359986. | The relation of pulsatile pressure and flow in the pulmonary vascular bed | Calculation of the input impedance of the pulmonary bed. | 1961 | J Physiol |
| BERGEL DH, MILNOR WR. PULMONARY VASCULAR IMPEDANCE IN THE DOG. Circ Res. 1965 May;16:401-15. doi: 10.1161/01.res.16.5.401. PMID: 14289149. | PULMONARY VASCULAR IMPEDANCE IN THE DOG | The pulmonary bed functioned as a quasi-linear system within the methods’ accuracy and tested frequency range, justifying the use of input impedance to describe its characteristics and allowing reasonable analogies with linear models like simple transmission lines. | 1965 | Circ Res |
| PATEL DJ, MASON DT, ROSS J Jr, BRAUNWALD E. HARMONIC ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE PULSES OBTAINED FROM THE HEART AND GREAT VESSELS OF MAN. Am Heart J. 1965 Jun;69:785-94. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(65)90452-7. PMID: 14296644. | HARMONIC ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE PULSES OBTAINED FROM THE HEART AND GREAT VESSELS OF MAN | It is concluded that the majority of relevant information in pressure pulses lies within the range of 0 to 20 cycles per second (20 Hz). | 1965 | Am Heart J |
| Milnor WR, Bergel DH, Bargainer JD. Hydraulic power associated with pulmonary blood flow and its relation to heart rate. Circ Res. 1966;19(3):467-480. doi:10.1161/01.res.19.3.467 | Hydraulic power associated with pulmonary blood flow and its relation to heart rate | Pulmonary vascular input impedance and hydraulic power were assessed in anesthetized and unanesthetized dogs, revealing similar impedance spectra and showing that most input power was dissipated in the pulmonary bed, with only 7% contributing to kinetic energy. Due to impedance characteristics and changes in flow pulsations with heart rate, tachycardia can increase pulmonary blood flow by up to 35% with less than a 5% rise in input power, independent of vasomotor activity. | 1966 | Circ Res |
| Milnor WR, Conti CR, Lewis KB, O’Rourke MF. Pulmonary arterial pulse wave velocity and impedance in man. Circ Res. 1969 Dec;25(6):637-49. doi: 10.1161/01.res.25.6.637. PMID: 5364641. | Pulmonary arterial pulse wave velocity and impedance in man | The elasticity of the pulmonary arterial tree appears to be as important as the state of the arterioles and capillaries in determining the energy required for pulsatile pulmonary blood flow. | 1969 | Circ Res |
| Gabe IT, Gault JH, Ross J Jr, Mason DT, Mills CJ, Schillingford JP, Braunwald E. Measurement of instantaneous blood flow velocity and pressure in conscious man with a catheter-tip velocity probe. Circulation. 1969 Nov;40(5):603-14. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.40.5.603. PMID: 5377202. | Measurement of instantaneous blood flow velocity and pressure in conscious man with a catheter-tip velocity probe | Measurement of instantaneous blood flow velocity and pressure in conscious man with a catheter-tip velocity probe. | 1969 | Circulation |
| Suga H. Time course of left ventricular pressure-volume relationship under various extents of aortic occlusion. Jpn Heart J. 1970 Jul;11(4):373-8. doi: 10.1536/ihj.11.373. PMID: 5311401. | Time course of left ventricular pressure-volume relationship under various extents of aortic occlusion | Introduction of the time-varying elastance model. | 1970 | Jpn Heart J |
| Swan HJ, Ganz W, Forrester J, Marcus H, Diamond G, Chonette D. Catheterization of the heart in man with use of a flow-directed balloon-tipped catheter. N Engl J Med. 1970 Aug 27;283(9):447-51. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197008272830902. PMID: 5434111. | Catheterization of the heart in man with use of a flow-directed balloon-tipped catheter | Introduction of the Swan-Ganz catheter. | 1970 | N Engl J Med |
| Westerhof N, Sipkema P, van den Bos GC, Elzinga G. Forward and backward waves in the arterial system. Cardiovasc Res. 1972 Nov;6(6):648-56. doi: 10.1093/cvr/6.6.648. PMID: 4656472. | Forward and backward waves in the arterial system | The study evaluates arterial wave reflection in dogs under varying peripheral resistance and aortic occlusion, separating aortic pressure and flow into forward and backward wave components. Reflections from large vessel bifurcations are small and consistent, while reflections from the arteriolar region are highly variable. | 1970 | Cardiovasc Res |
| Abel FL. Fourier analysis of left ventricular performance. Evaluation of impedance matching. Circ Res. 1971 Feb;28(2):119-35. doi: 10.1161/01.res.28.2.119. PMID: 4994209. | Fourier analysis of left ventricular performance. Evaluation of impedance matching | Impedance matching was studied, revealing that maximal efficiency occurs with optimal matching, and internal resistance serves as a measurable quantity that partially corresponds to more complex impedance measurements. | 1971 | Circ Res |
| Suga H. Left ventricular time-varying pressure-volume ratio in systole as an index of myocardial inotropism. Jpn Heart J. 1971 Mar;12(2):153-60. doi: 10.1536/ihj.12.153. PMID: 5313690. | Left ventricular time-varying pressure-volume ratio in systole as an index of myocardial inotropism | Introduction of the peak value of the time-varying elastance as index of the inotropic state of the left ventricle. | 1971 | Jpn Heart J |
| Batson GA, Chandrasekhar KP, Payas Y, Rickards DF. Measurement of pulmonary wedge pressure by the flow directed Swan-Ganz catheter. Cardiovasc Res. 1972;6(6):748-752. doi:10.1093/cvr/6.6.748 | Measurement of pulmonary wedge pressure by the flow directed Swan-Ganz catheter | Forty patients were evaluated using the Swan–Ganz flow-directed catheter. The wedge pressure measurements obtained with this method were identical to those recorded using the Cournand technique and showed a strong correlation with direct left atrial pressure. These findings confirm that the procedure is both straightforward and rapid. | 1972 | Cardiovasc Res |
| Alderman EL, Branzi A, Sanders W, Brown BW, Harrison DC. Evaluation of the pulse-contour method of determining stroke volume in man. Circulation. 1972 Sep;46(3):546-58. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.46.3.546. PMID: 4403670. | Evaluation of the pulse-contour method of determining stroke volume in man. Circulation | In 42 patients with ischemic heart disease or mitral valve disease undergoing exercise, isoproterenol, and analgesic interventions, stroke volume by pulse-contour analysis using three formulae (Warner, Kouchoukos, Herd) correlated with indicator-dilution outputs (r = 0.59–0.84), with the Warner formula showing a coefficient of variation of about 20%; performance was not affected by intervention type, arterial site (axillary vs central aorta), or rhythm (atrial fibrillation vs sinus). Despite good correlation, variability limits detection of small stroke volume changes, yet the method’s simplicity and speed make it a useful adjunct for monitoring critically ill patients. | 1972 | Circulation |
| Elzinga, G. and Westerhof, N., 1974, January. End Diastolic Volume and Source Impedance of the Heart. In Ciba Foundation‐ Symposium 24 Physiological Basis of Starling’s Law of the Heart (pp. 241-255). Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. | End Diastolic Volume and Source Impedance of the Heart | Introduction of the hydromotive source pressure model for the left ventricle. | 1974 | Ciba Foundation‐ Symposium 24 |
| Suga H, Sagawa K. Instantaneous pressure-volume relationships and their ratio in the excised, supported canine left ventricle. Circ Res. 1974;35(1):117-126. doi:10.1161/01.res.35.1.117 | Instantaneous pressure-volume relationships and their ratio in the excised, supported canine left ventricle | In an excised, supported canine heart with improved volumetric measurement, the instantaneous pressure–volume relation showed a time-varying elastance that was largely independent of preload and afterload, yielding similar curves for isovolumic and auxobaric beats at a given contractile state. Coronary infusion of norepinephrine or isoproterenol at 0.2 µg/min increased peak elastance by 63% from 3.6 mmHg/ml and shortened the time to peak by 10% from 175 ms, supporting elastance as an index of contractility. | 1974 | Circ Res |
| Bemis CE, Serur JR, Borkenhagen D, Sonnenblick EH, Urschel CW. Influence of right ventricular filling pressure on left ventricular pressure and dimension. Circ Res. 1974 Apr;34(4):498-504. doi: 10.1161/01.res.34.4.498. PMID: 4826926. | Influence of right ventricular filling pressure on left ventricular pressure and dimension | The data demonstrate that LV end-diastolic pressure and geometry are influenced by the dynamic interaction between the two ventricles. This interaction complicates the analysis of ventricular end-diastolic pressure and compliance, highlighting the need for caution in interpreting such data. | 1974 | Circ Res |
| Elzinga G, van Grondelle R, Westerhof N, van den Bos GC. Ventricular interference. Am J Physiol. 1974;226(4):941-947. doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1974.226.4.941 | Ventricular interference | This study used isolated cat hearts with independently controlled left and right sides to investigate direct ventricular interaction, revealing that increasing atrial filling on one side significantly reduced output from the opposite ventricle. The depressive effects were more pronounced with an intact pericardium, and a mathematical model confirmed that ventricular volumes are inversely related due to myocardial and pericardial constraints. | 1974 | Am J Physiol |
| Scruggs V, Pietras RJ, Rosen KM. Frequency response of fluid-filled catheter-micromanometer systems used for measurement of left ventricular pressure. Am Heart J. 1975;89(5):619-624. doi:10.1016/0002-8703(75)90508-6 | Frequency response of fluid-filled catheter-micromanometer systems used for measurement of left ventricular pressure | This study evaluated the frequency response of five fluid-filled cardiac catheters connected to a microdisplacement pressure gauge and found that resonant frequencies were 18–33% higher than with conventional manometers. Four catheters maintained a flat amplitude response up to at least 26 Hz, supporting their suitability for accurate left ventricular pressure recordings. | 1975 | Am Heart J |
| Purschke R, Derra E, Wesseling KH, Wüst HJ. Kontinuierliche Uberwachung des Herzminutenvolumens nach herzchirurgischen Eingriffen mit einem Computer [On-line monitoring of cardiac output with a new pulse contour computer (author’s transl)]. Thoraxchir Vask Chir. 1975 Aug;23(4):339-42. German. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1096977. PMID: 1084030. | On-line monitoring of cardiac output with a new pulse contour computer | In cardiac surgical patients, a pulse-contour cardiac output computer driven by the aortic pressure waveform showed satisfactory agreement with thermodilution measurements during both rapid and gradual cardiac output changes. The study concludes that stroke volume computed from the aortic pressure waveform provides a simple, clinically useful method for real-time cardiac output monitoring in critically ill patients, with potential error sources noted. | 1975 | Thoraxchir Vask Chir |
| Weiss JL, Frederiksen JW, Weisfeldt ML. Hemodynamic determinants of the time-course of fall in canine left ventricular pressure. J Clin Invest. 1976 Sep;58(3):751-60. doi: 10.1172/JCI108522. PMID: 956400; PMCID: PMC333234. | Hemodynamic determinants of the time-course of fall in canine left ventricular pressure | The studies show that the isovolumic pressure fall after maximum negative dP/dt follows an exponential course, independent of systolic stress, end-systolic fiber length, and minimally affected by heart rate. T may reflect the activity of the active cardiac relaxation system and seems dependent on systolic fiber shortening. | 1976 | J Clin Invest |
| Santamore WP, Lynch PR, Meier G, Heckman J, Bove AA. Myocardial interaction between the ventricles. J Appl Physiol. 1976;41(3):362-368. doi:10.1152/jappl.1976.41.3.362 | Myocardial interaction between the ventricles | This study in isolated, isovolumically beating rabbit hearts showed that increasing the volume of one ventricle significantly alters the diastolic and developed pressures of the other, demonstrating acute interventricular interaction. Specifically, left ventricular volume increases raised right ventricular pressures, while increasing right ventricular volume raised left ventricular diastolic pressure but reduced its developed pressure, effects correlated with interventricular septal position. | 1976 | J Appl Physiol |
| Santamore WP, Lynch PR, Heckman JL, Bove AA, Meier GD. Left ventricular effects on right ventricular developed pressure. J Appl Physiol. 1976 Dec;41(6):925-30. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1976.41.6.925. PMID: 1002647. | Left ventricular effects on right ventricular developed pressure | An isolated, flow-perfused, paced rabbit heart preparation was used to examine how left ventricular volume, ischemia, and structural integrity impact right ventricular function. This setup removed neural, humoral, pericardial, and pulmonary influences, allowing direct analysis of left ventricular effects on right ventricular performance. The results show that changes in left ventricular wall function and volume directly affect right ventricular isovolumic developed pressure. | 1976 | J Appl Physiol |
| Sagawa K, Suga H, Shoukas AA, Bakalar KM. End-systolic pressure/volume ratio: a new index of ventricular contractility. Am J Cardiol. 1977 Nov;40(5):748-53. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(77)90192-8. PMID: 920611. | End-systolic pressure/volume ratio: a new index of ventricular contractility | Introduction of the instantaneous pressure-volume relationship P(t) = E(t)*[V(t)-Vd]. | 1977 | Am J Cardiol |
| Sagawa K. The ventricular pressure-volume diagram revisited. Circ Res. 1978 Nov;43(5):677-87. doi: 10.1161/01.res.43.5.677. PMID: 361275. | The ventricular pressure-volume diagram revisited | Review of the pressure-volume diagram. | 1978 | Circ Res |
| Glantz SA, Misbach GA, Moores WY, Mathey DG, Lekven J, Stowe DF, Parmley WW, Tyberg JV. The pericardium substantially affects the left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume relationship in the dog. Circ Res. 1978 Mar;42(3):433-41. doi: 10.1161/01.res.42.3.433. PMID: 624151. | The pericardium substantially affects the left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume relationship in the dog | These results prompted a shift from viewing the diastolic left ventricle as an unconstrained elastic shell to a model of the heart as a composite structure of stiff pericardium and compliant muscle, emphasizing the importance of considering the pericardium’s influence on the diastolic pressure-volume relationship. | 1978 | Circ Res |
| Maughan WL, Shoukas AA, Sagawa K, Weisfeldt ML. Instantaneous pressure-volume relationship of the canine right ventricle. Circ Res. 1979 Mar;44(3):309-15. doi: 10.1161/01.res.44.3.309. PMID: 761311. | Instantaneous pressure-volume relationship of the canine right ventricle | The key finding is that, despite the right ventricle’s complex geometry, variable wall thickness, and differing pressure-ejection dynamics, its pressure-volume relationship is as linear as in the left ventricle across a wide range. While the physiological basis remains unclear, this linearity offers a practical way to assess contractile state. | 1979 | Circ Res |
| Suga H. Total mechanical energy of a ventricle model and cardiac oxygen consumption. Am J Physiol. 1979;236(3):H498-H505. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1979.236.3.H498 | Total mechanical energy of a ventricle model and cardiac oxygen consumption | Mechanical energy in a time-varying elastance model equals the sum of potential energy stored during systole and external stroke work, which is equivalent to the pressure–volume area bounded by the end-systolic curve, end-diastolic curve, and the systolic limb of the loop. In data from 11 canine hearts, this area correlated strongly with oxygen consumption per beat (r = 0.89) across isovolumic and ejecting beats, yielding a linear relation with slope 1.37×10⁻⁵ ml O₂ per (mmHg·ml) per beat and intercept 0.027 ml O₂/beat that was preliminarily confirmed experimentally. | 1979 | Am J Physiol |
| GLANTZ, STANTON A. Mathematics for Biomedical Applications. 1st ed., University of California Press, 1979. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.8501534. | Mathematics for Biomedical Applications | Transfer function of fluid filled catheters. „To obtain the most accurate pressure recordings from a fluid-filled catheter system, one should seek to use a well-flushed, stiff, short, narrow catheter to maximize the range of frequencies that it accurately transmits to the recorder.“ | 1979 | University of California Press |
| Sunagawa K, Yamada A, Senda Y, Kikuchi Y, Nakamura M, Shibahara T, Nose Y. Estimation of the hydromotive source pressure from ejecting beats of the left ventricle. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1980 Jun;27(6):299-305. doi: 10.1109/TBME.1980.326737. PMID: 7390526. | Estimation of the hydromotive source pressure from ejecting beats of the left ventricle | Estimation of the left ventricular hydromotive source pressure from non-linear regression. | 1980 | IEEE Trans Biomed Eng |
| Murgo JP, Westerhof N, Giolma JP, Altobelli SA. Aortic input impedance in normal man: relationship to pressure wave forms. Circulation. 1980 Jul;62(1):105-16. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.62.1.105. PMID: 7379273. | Aortic input impedance in normal man: relationship to pressure wave forms | Input impedance and augmentation index for aortic pressure waveforms. | 1980 | Circulation |
| Baan J, Jong TT, Kerkhof PL, Moene RJ, van Dijk AD, van der Velde ET, Koops J. Continuous stroke volume and cardiac output from intra-ventricular dimensions obtained with impedance catheter. Cardiovasc Res. 1981 Jun;15(6):328-34. doi: 10.1093/cvr/15.6.328. PMID: 7296590. | Continuous stroke volume and cardiac output from intra-ventricular dimensions obtained with impedance catheter | Introduction of the conductance catheter. | 1981 | Cardiovasc Res |
| Piene H, Sund T. Does normal pulmonary impedance constitute the optimum load for the right ventricle? Am J Physiol. 1982 Feb;242(2):H154-60. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1982.242.2.H154. PMID: 7065148. | Does normal pulmonary impedance constitute the optimum load for the right ventricle? | Impedance matching between right ventricle and the lungs. | 1982 | Am J Physiol |
| Sunagawa K, Maughan WL, Burkhoff D, Sagawa K. Left ventricular interaction with arterial load studied in isolated canine ventricle. Am J Physiol. 1983;245(5 Pt 1):H773-H780. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1983.245.5.H773 | Left ventricular interaction with arterial load studied in isolated canine ventricle | The authors developed an analytical framework to predict stroke volume (SV) based on the interaction between ventricular and arterial properties, representing both systems through their end-systolic pressure–SV relationships and deriving SV as a function of preload, ventricular elastance parameters, and arterial impedance; effective arterial elastance was also defined as part of this formulation. Validation in eight isolated canine ventricles showed a strong correlation between predicted and measured SVs (average correlation coefficient 0.985), demonstrating the framework’s accuracy and its utility in characterizing ventriculoarterial coupling. | 1983 | Am J Physiol |
| Shaver JA. Clinical implications of the hangout interval. Int J Cardiol. 1984;5(3):391-398. doi:10.1016/0167-5273(84)90121-9 | Clinical implications of the hangout interval | The “hangout interval” is a descriptive, easily measured time interval between the arterial incisura and ventricular pressure, reflecting the impedance characteristics of the vascular bed being ejected into, without marking a specific physiological event. It helps elucidate how systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance and capacitance influence the duration of right versus left ventricular ejection, thereby contributing to the understanding of second heart sound splitting. | 1984 | Int J Cardiol |
| Sunagawa, K., Sagawa, K., & Maughan, W. L. (1984). Ventricular interaction with the loading system. Annals of biomedical engineering, 12(2), 163–189. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02584229 | Ventricular interaction with the loading system | This study developed a theoretical framework for predicting stroke volume and cardiac output in the closed circulatory loop by describing both ventricle and arterial system using end-systolic pressure–stroke volume (Pes–SV) relationships, such that stroke volume is given by the intersection of the ventricular and arterial Pes–SV curves. The framework, validated by comparing predicted and measured stroke volumes in isolated canine ventricles under defined arterial impedances, provides a mathematically simple and analytically useful tool for studying ventriculo-arterial coupling and mechanisms governing cardiac output. | 1984 | Annals of biomedical engineering |
| Piene H. (1984). Impedance matching between ventricle and load. Annals of biomedical engineering, 12(2), 191–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02584230 | Impedance matching between ventricle and load | Impedance matching between ventricle and arterial load is analyzed using a Thevenin equivalent and a time-varying compliance model, both showing that the optimal load resistance depends on Windkessel compliance, with low compliance shifting the optimal resistance to lower values. Experiments in isolated cat hearts indicate that both ventricles at normal loads operate near maximal hydraulic power and that the load impedance which maximizes the ratio of stroke work to stored potential energy closely matches the normal pulmonary input impedance. | 1984 | Annals of biomedical engineering |
| Pinsky MR. Determinants of pulmonary arterial flow variation during respiration. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1984;56(5):1237-1245. doi:10.1152/jappl.1984.56.5.1237 | Determinants of pulmonary arterial flow variation during respiration | Pulmonary arterial flow (Qpa) variations during spontaneous (SPONT) and positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) are driven by phasic changes in venous return, affecting right ventricular filling and stroke volume. Despite differences in pressure dynamics, an invariant right ventricular function curve suggests minimal impact from pulmonary vascular resistance. | 1984 | Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol |
| Baan J, van der Velde ET, de Bruin HG, Smeenk GJ, Koops J, van Dijk AD, Temmerman D, Senden J, Buis B. Continuous measurement of left ventricular volume in animals and humans by conductance catheter. Circulation. 1984 Nov;70(5):812-23. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.70.5.812. PMID: 6386218. | Continuous measurement of left ventricular volume in animals and humans by conductance catheter. | Measurement of left ventricular volume using the conductance catheter. | 1984 | Circulation |
| Pinsky MR, Matuschak GM, Klain M. Determinants of cardiac augmentation by elevations in intrathoracic pressure. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1985;58(4):1189-1198. doi:10.1152/jappl.1985.58.4.1189 | Determinants of cardiac augmentation by elevations in intrathoracic pressure | This study examined how increased intrathoracic pressure (ITP), induced by high-frequency jet ventilation and pneumatic binders, affects cardiovascular function in anesthetized dogs before and after inducing acute ventricular failure. The findings show that mean ITP alone accounted for steady-state hemodynamic changes, with increased ITP improving left ventricular stroke work during ventricular failure—provided LV filling pressure was sufficient—suggesting a mechanism similar to arterial vasodilator therapy in heart failure. | 1985 | J Appl Physiol |
| Burkhoff D, van der Velde E, Kass D, Baan J, Maughan WL, Sagawa K. Accuracy of volume measurement by conductance catheter in isolated, ejecting canine hearts. Circulation. 1985;72(2):440-447. doi:10.1161/01.cir.72.2.440 | Accuracy of volume measurement by conductance catheter in isolated, ejecting canine hearts | In six isolated, ejecting canine left ventricles, intracavitary conductance–derived volume (Vcath) closely tracked a balloon servosystem reference (Vbal) with a highly linear relation (r² ≈ 0.98, Vcath ≈ 0.82·Vbal + 26.7 ml), and the heart-specific offset term could be predicted in situ by a dilution method. Right ventricular filling had minimal effect on accuracy, shifting the Vcath–Vbal relation by less than 3 ml across the working range. | 1985 | Circulation |
| Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet. 1986 Feb 8;1(8476):307-10. PMID: 2868172. | Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement | Introduction of the Bland-Altman plot. | 1986 | Lancet |
| Piene H. (1986). Pulmonary arterial impedance and right ventricular function. Physiological reviews, 66(3), 606–652. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1986.66.3.606 | Pulmonary arterial impedance and right ventricular function | The article reviews how pulmonary arterial impedance, combining resistance, compliance, inertance, and wave reflections, shapes right ventricular afterload, hydraulic power transmission, and their changes with smooth muscle tone, lung mechanics, and pulmonary hypertension. It also shows that right ventricular pump properties and pulmonary vascular impedance are quantitatively matched or optimized so that under normal conditions the ventricle operates near maximal external power and reasonable efficiency, particularly at heart rates close to the first impedance minimum. | 1986 | Physiological reviews |
| Morris, James J., et al. “Dynamic right ventricular dimension: relation to chamber volume during the cardiac cycle.” The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 91.6 (1986): 879-887. | Dynamic right ventricular dimension: relation to chamber volume during the cardiac cycle | The study demonstrates that the RV free wall chord dimension is consistently linked to hydrodynamic events in the RV throughout the cardiac cycle, allowing for accurate assessment of various volumes and stroke work, despite challenges in directly measuring RV volume. | 1986 | The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery |
| Burkhoff D, Sagawa K. Ventricular efficiency predicted by an analytical model. Am J Physiol. 1986 Jun;250(6 Pt 2):R1021-7. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1986.250.6.R1021. PMID: 3717375. | Ventricular efficiency predicted by an analytical model | A simple analytic model was developed linking the vascular system and left ventricle to the heart’s mechanical work and chemical energy consumption. | 1986 | Am J Physiol |
| Ventricular/Vascular Coupling: Clinical, Physiological, and Engineering Aspects. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1987. S. 210-239. | Ventricular/Vascular Coupling: Clinical, Physiological, and Engineering Aspects | Ventricular/Vascular Coupling Clinical, Physiological, and Engineering Aspects | 1987 | Springer |
| Peters J, Kindred MK, Robotham JL. Transient analysis of cardiopulmonary interactions. I. Diastolic events. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1988;64(4):1506-1517. doi:10.1152/jappl.1988.64.4.1506 | ransient analysis of cardiopulmonary interactions. I. Diastolic events | Negative intrathoracic pressure (NITP) during diastole reduces left ventricular stroke volume (LVSV), likely due to decreased preload from ventricular interdependence, while simultaneously increasing intrathoracic aortic dimensions and reducing antegrade arterial blood flow out of the thorax, sometimes causing transient retrograde flow. These findings suggest that the intrathoracic aorta functions as an elastic chamber influenced by intrathoracic pressure changes, independently affecting systemic arterial circulation. | 1988 | J Appl Physiol |
| Peters J, Kindred MK, Robotham JL. Transient analysis of cardiopulmonary interactions. II. Systolic events. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1988;64(4):1518-1526. doi:10.1152/jappl.1988.64.4.1518 | Transient analysis of cardiopulmonary interactions. II. Systolic events | Negative intrathoracic pressure (NITP) during systole decreases left ventricular stroke volume (LVSV), likely due to increased afterload, as shown by an associated expansion of intrathoracic aortic diameters. When NITP extends into both systole and diastole, the reduction in LVSV is more pronounced, suggesting combined effects of increased afterload and altered preload. | 1988 | J Appl Physiol |
| Kass DA, Maughan WL. From ‘Emax’ to pressure-volume relations: a broader view. Circulation. 1988 Jun;77(6):1203-12. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.77.6.1203. PMID: 3286035. | From ‘Emax’ to pressure-volume relations: a broader view | Advances in pharmacologic and interventional therapies for heart disease have increased the demand for more precise methods to assess cardiac performance beyond traditional measures such as pressures and ejection fraction. Pressure–volume relations, despite challenges in deriving a single index like Emax, offer a comprehensive framework to evaluate systolic and diastolic properties, ventricular–vascular coupling, and responses to therapeutic interventions. | 1988 | Circulation |
| Burkhoff D, Alexander J Jr, Schipke J. Assessment of Windkessel as a model of aortic input impedance. Am J Physiol. 1988 Oct;255(4 Pt 2):H742-53. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1988.255.4.H742. PMID: 3177666. | Assessment of Windkessel as a model of aortic input impedance | The analysis shows that the Windkessel model reasonably represents afterload for predicting stroke volume, stroke work, oxygen consumption, and aortic pressures. However, it underestimates peak aortic flow, slightly underestimates mean arterial pressure, and fails to accurately represent aortic pressure and flow waveforms. | 1988 | Am J Physiol |
| Dell’Italia LJ, Walsh RA. Acute determinants of the hangout interval in the pulmonary circulation. Am Heart J. 1988;116(5 Pt 1):1289-1297. doi:10.1016/0002-8703(88)90454-1 | Acute determinants of the hangout interval in the pulmonary circulation | This study investigated short-term determinants of the pulmonary hangout interval by manipulating pulmonary artery pressure in 10 normal patients using phenylephrine and nitroprusside under controlled autonomic and heart rate conditions. Results showed that the hangout interval varied inversely with pulmonary artery and right ventricular end-systolic pressures, but not with right ventricular ejection time or preejection period, suggesting that acute changes in afterload influence the hangout interval independently of systolic duration. | 1988 | Am Heart J |
| Cigarroa RG, Lange RA, Williams RH, Bedotto JB, Hillis LD. Underestimation of cardiac output by thermodilution in patients with tricuspid regurgitation. Am J Med. 1989 Apr;86(4):417-20. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(89)90339-2. PMID: 2648822. | Underestimation of cardiac output by thermodilution in patients with tricuspid regurgitation | Underestimation of cardiac output by thermodilution in patients with tricuspid regurgitation. | 1989 | Am J Med |
| Gilbert JC, Glantz SA. Determinants of left ventricular filling and of the diastolic pressure-volume relation. Circ Res. 1989 May;64(5):827-52. doi: 10.1161/01.res.64.5.827. PMID: 2523260. | Determinants of left ventricular filling and of the diastolic pressure-volume relation | When end-systolic volume falls below the left ventricle’s equilibrium volume, the myocardial wall compresses and stores elastic energy, which is released during relaxation, reducing ventricular pressure and increasing the atrioventricular pressure gradient for faster filling. Additionally, shifts in the diastolic pressure-volume relation help maintain stroke volume and end-diastolic volume during vasodilation, highlighting that end-diastolic pressure cannot reliably substitute for end-diastolic volume in assessing systolic function. | 1989 | Circ Res |
| Fourie, P. R., Coetzee, A. R., Rebel, A., & Bolliger, C. T. (1989). Right ventricular/vascular coupling during acute pulmonary hypertension. In Images of the Twenty-First Century: Proceedings of the Annual International Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (pp. 106–107). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1989.95595 | Right ventricular/vascular coupling during acute pulmonary hypertension. | This study investigated how pulmonary artery compliance affects right ventricular-vascular coupling, enabling efficient stroke volume delivery with minimal oxygen consumption under normal conditions. During acute pulmonary hypertension, increased afterload surpasses ventricular contractility, reducing stroke volume and leading to right ventricular pump failure. | 1989 | Proceedings of the Annual International Engineering in Medicine |
| Goldstein JA, Barzilai B, Rosamond TL, Eisenberg PR, Jaffe AS. Determinants of hemodynamic compromise with severe right ventricular infarction. Circulation. 1990 Aug;82(2):359-68. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.82.2.359. PMID: 2372887. | Determinants of hemodynamic compromise with severe right ventricular infarction | Analysis of right atrial and right ventricular pressure waveforms in patients with right ventricular infarction. | 1990 | Circulation |
| Kircher BJ, Himelman RB, Schiller NB. Noninvasive estimation of right atrial pressure from the inspiratory collapse of the inferior vena cava. Am J Cardiol. 1990 Aug 15;66(4):493-6. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(90)90711-9. PMID: 2386120. | Noninvasive estimation of right atrial pressure from the inspiratory collapse of the inferior vena cava | IVC respiratory collapse on echocardiography is easily visualized and can help estimate RA pressure. A caval index of ≥50% suggests RA pressure is less than 10 mm Hg, while an index of <50% indicates RA pressure of 10 mm Hg or higher. | 1990 | Am J Cardiol |
| Takeuchi M, Igarashi Y, Tomimoto S, Odake M, Hayashi T, Tsukamoto T, Hata K, Takaoka H, Fukuzaki H. Single-beat estimation of the slope of the end-systolic pressure-volume relation in the human left ventricle. Circulation. 1991 Jan;83(1):202-12. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.83.1.202. PMID: 1898642. | Single-beat estimation of the slope of the end-systolic pressure-volume relation in the human left ventricle | Use of first derivative and end-diastolic pressure to define isovolumetric contraction and relaxation intervalls. | 1991 | Circulation |
| Fourie PR, Coetzee AR, Bolliger CT. Pulmonary artery compliance: its role in right ventricular-arterial coupling. Cardiovasc Res. 1992;26(9):839-844. doi:10.1093/cvr/26.9.839 | Pulmonary artery compliance: its role in right ventricular-arterial coupling | This study investigated right ventricular-vascular coupling in pigs under normal conditions and during acute pulmonary hypertension induced by microsphere injection. Results showed that while pulmonary arterial elastance (Ea) increased with hypertension, right ventricular contractility (Ees) remained constant, leading to a shift from flow- to pressure-pump function, reduced stroke volume, and altered efficiency-work relationship due to decreased pulmonary artery compliance. | 1992 | Cardiovasc Res |
| O’Rourke MF, Kelly RP. Wave reflection in the systemic circulation and its implications in ventricular function. J Hypertens. 1993 Apr;11(4):327-37. doi: 10.1097/00004872-199304000-00001. PMID: 8390498. | Wave reflection in the systemic circulation and its implications in ventricular function | Editorial review about wave reflection in the systemic circulation and its implications in ventricular function. | 1993 | J Hypertens |
| Fourie PR, Coetzee AR. Effect of compliance on a time-domain estimate of the characteristic impedance of the pulmonary artery during acute pulmonary hypertension. Med Biol Eng Comput. 1993;31(5):468-474. doi:10.1007/BF02441981 | Effect of compliance on a time-domain estimate of the characteristic impedance of the pulmonary artery during acute pulmonary hypertension | This study evaluated the accuracy of a lumped-parameter Windkessel model in representing pulmonary artery input impedance under normal and acute pulmonary hypertension conditions in pigs. Results showed that while vascular resistance (Rp) and compliance (C) could be accurately determined from time-domain methods, the characteristic impedance (Ro) was dependent on compliance, resistance, and time, making traditional time-domain estimates unreliable; thus, using Ro(C, Rp, t) or frequency-domain derived Zo(ω) provides a more accurate assessment of pulmonary vascular load. | 1993 | Med Biol Eng Comput |
| Ohlsson A, Bennett T, Nordlander R, Rydén J, Aström H, Rydén L. Monitoring of pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure through a right ventricular pressure transducer. J Card Fail. 1995 Mar;1(2):161-8. doi: 10.1016/1071-9164(95)90018-7. PMID: 9420646. | Monitoring of pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure through a right ventricular pressure transducer | Estimation of the diastolic pulmonary artery pressure from right ventricular pressure waveforms using the positive peak of the first derivative also known as dpdtmax. | 1995 | J Card Fail |
| Dickstein ML, Yano O, Spotnitz HM, Burkhoff D. Assessment of right ventricular contractile state with the conductance catheter technique in the pig. Cardiovasc Res. 1995 Jun;29(6):820-6. PMID: 7656285. | Assessment of right ventricular contractile state with the conductance catheter technique in the pig | The conductance catheter offers a continuous measurement of right ventricular volume, which was utilized to detect changes in right ventricular contractile state in pigs. This technique represents a promising and essential method for assessing right ventricular function. | 1995 | Cardiovasc Res |
| Berger DS, Robinson KA, Shroff SG. Wave propagation in coupled left ventricle-arterial system. Implications for aortic pressure. Hypertension. 1996;27(5):1079-1089. doi:10.1161/01.hyp.27.5.1079 | Wave propagation in coupled left ventricle-arterial system. Implications for aortic pressure | This study investigated how wave propagation properties—global reflection coefficient (γ₍G₎), pulse wave velocity (c₍ph₎), and characteristic impedance (ζ₀)—affect aortic pressure (P₍ao₎) and flow (Q₍ao₎) in an isolated rabbit heart model with controlled loading and constant cardiac parameters. The findings reveal that while these properties influence pressure wave morphology, their effects on mean and peak systolic pressures were modest, challenging the notion that ventricular load can be significantly altered by manipulating wave reflections and transmission characteristics. | 1996 | Hypertension |
| Stergiopulos N, Meister JJ, Westerhof N. Determinants of stroke volume and systolic and diastolic aortic pressure. Am J Physiol. 1996 Jun;270(6 Pt 2):H2050-9. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1996.270.6.H2050. PMID: 8764256. | Determinants of stroke volume and systolic and diastolic aortic pressure | This study examined how heart and arterial system parameters influence systolic pressure (Ps), diastolic pressure (Pd), and stroke volume (SV) using a nine-parameter cardiovascular model. Through dimensional and sensitivity analyses, the authors derived simplified, accurate analytical expressions for Ps/Pv, Pd/Pv, and SV/Vd using a limited number of dimensionless parameters, achieving high predictive accuracy when compared to model outputs. | 1996 | Am J Physiol |
| Senzaki H, Chen CH, Kass DA. Single-beat estimation of end-systolic pressure-volume relation in humans. A new method with the potential for noninvasive application. Circulation. 1996 Nov 15;94(10):2497-506. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.94.10.2497. PMID: 8921794. | Single-beat estimation of end-systolic pressure-volume relation in humans. A new method with the potential for noninvasive application | ESPVRs can be reliably estimated in humans from single cardiac cycles by a new method that has a potential for noninvasive application. | 1996 | Circulation |
| Tei C, Nishimura RA, Seward JB, Tajik AJ. Noninvasive Doppler-derived myocardial performance index: correlation with simultaneous measurements of cardiac catheterization measurements. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1997;10(2):169-178. doi:10.1016/s0894-7317(97)70090-7 | Noninvasive Doppler-derived myocardial performance index: correlation with simultaneous measurements of cardiac catheterization measurements | This study evaluated a noninvasive Doppler index of myocardial performance, defined as the sum of isovolumetric contraction and relaxation times divided by ejection time, by comparing it with invasive catheterization-derived measures of left ventricular function in 34 patients. The Doppler index showed strong correlations with invasive parameters of systolic and diastolic performance, indicating its potential as a reliable and easily obtainable noninvasive measure of overall cardiac function. | 1997 | J Am Soc Echocardiogr |
| Shih H, Hillel Z, Declerck C, Anagnostopoulos C, Kuroda M, Thys D. An algorithm for real-time, continuous evaluation of left ventricular mechanics by single-beat estimation of arterial and ventricular elastance. J Clin Monit. 1997 May;13(3):157-70. doi: 10.1023/a:1007387315948. PMID: 9234085. | An algorithm for real-time, continuous evaluation of left ventricular mechanics by single-beat estimation of arterial and ventricular elastance | Introduction of the tangent method to esimate the hydromotive source pressure from left ventricular waveforms. | 1997 | J Clin Monit |
| Nakayama Y, Nakanishi N, Sugimachi M, et al. Characteristics of pulmonary artery pressure waveform for differential diagnosis of chronic pulmonary thromboembolism and primary pulmonary hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;29(6):1311-1316. doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(97)00054-5 | Characteristics of pulmonary artery pressure waveform for differential diagnosis of chronic pulmonary thromboembolism and primary pulmonary hypertension | This study evaluated pulmonary artery pressure waveforms in patients with chronic pulmonary thromboembolism (CPTE) and primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) to distinguish between the two conditions. Findings showed that CPTE is associated with significantly higher fractional pulse pressure and variability in pressure waveforms compared to PPH, making waveform pulsatility a reliable diagnostic tool. | 1997 | J Am Coll Cardiol |
| Heerdt PM, Dickstein ML. Assessment of Right Ventricular Function. Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. 1997;1(3):215-224. doi:10.1177/108925329700100304 | Assessment of Right Ventricular Function | Recent evidence indicates that, contrary to the traditional view of the right ventricle (RV) as mainly a passive conduit, it is a key contributor to global cardiovascular homeostasis and its performance is influenced by distinct anatomic and physiological properties compared with the left ventricle (LV). This review explains how these RV–LV differences affect the relative roles of rate/rhythm, preload, afterload, and contractility, and why many LV-derived assessment methods cannot be directly applied to the RV, then discusses the application and limitations of current techniques for perioperative RV evaluation. | 1997 | Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia |
| Santamore WP, Dell’Italia LJ. Ventricular interdependence: significant left ventricular contributions to right ventricular systolic function. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1998 Jan-Feb;40(4):289-308. doi: 10.1016/s0033-0620(98)80049-2. PMID: 9449956. | Ventricular interdependence: significant left ventricular contributions to right ventricular systolic function | This article examines diastolic and systolic ventricular interaction, as well as clinical pathophysiological conditions associated with it. | 1998 | Prog Cardiovasc Dis |
| Shishido T, Hayashi K, Shigemi K, Sato T, Sugimachi M, Sunagawa K. Single-beat estimation of end-systolic elastance using bilinearly approximated time-varying elastance curve. Circulation. 2000 Oct 17;102(16):1983-9. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.102.16.1983. PMID: 11034949. | Single-beat estimation of end-systolic elastance using bilinearly approximated time-varying elastance curve | By approximating the load dependence of the E(t) waveform with a bilinear function, a method was developed to estimate Ees and V0 from a single beat without requiring instantaneous LV volume or loading condition changes. This approach demonstrated reasonable accuracy across varying contractilities and loading conditions, proving useful for assessing LV contractility in experimental studies and warranting further exploration in clinical settings. | 2000 | Circulation |
| Heerdt PM, Holmes JW, Cai B, Barbone A, Madigan JD, Reiken S, Lee DL, Oz MC, Marks AR, Burkhoff D. Chronic unloading by left ventricular assist device reverses contractile dysfunction and alters gene expression in end-stage heart failure. Circulation. 2000 Nov 28;102(22):2713-9. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.102.22.2713. PMID: 11094037. | Chronic unloading by left ventricular assist device reverses contractile dysfunction and alters gene expression in end-stage heart failure | LVAD support can enhance the contractile strength of intact myocardium and reverse the adverse force-frequency relationship (FFR) observed in end-stage heart failure. While gene expression related to Ca2+ cycling is upregulated, indicating reverse molecular remodeling, only the protein levels of SERCA2a show a significant increase. | 2000 | Circulation |
| Castelain V, Hervé P, Lecarpentier Y, Duroux P, Simonneau G, Chemla D. Pulmonary artery pulse pressure and wave reflection in chronic pulmonary thromboembolism and primary pulmonary hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;37(4):1085-1092. doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(00)01212-2 | Pulmonary artery pulse pressure and wave reflection in chronic pulmonary thromboembolism and primary pulmonary hypertension | In patients with severe pulmonary hypertension, both chronic pulmonary thromboembolism (CPTE) and primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) exhibited similar pulmonary artery pulse pressure. However, wave reflection was more pronounced and occurred earlier in CPTE than in PPH, indicating distinct differences in the pulsatile right ventricular afterload between the two conditions. | 2001 | J Am Coll Cardiol |
| Linton NW, Linton RA. Estimation of changes in cardiac output from the arterial blood pressure waveform in the upper limb. Br J Anaesth. 2001;86(4):486-496. doi:10.1093/bja/86.4.486 | Estimation of changes in cardiac output from the arterial blood pressure waveform in the upper limb | PulseCO, a frequency-analysis pulse contour algorithm, was compared with thermodilution in nine analyzable cardiac surgery patients across 142 paired measurements and showed strong correlation after log normalization (y = 0.77x, r² = 0.81) with limits of agreement from −26% to +21%, while tracking short-term changes reasonably well (y = 0.71x, r² = 0.70; limits −21% to +25%). Phenylephrine produced the expected increase in systemic vascular resistance, and the algorithm was implemented in software that acquires arterial pressure and displays beat-to-beat trends. | 2001 | Br J Anaesth |
| Chen CH, Fetics B, Nevo E, et al. Noninvasive single-beat determination of left ventricular end-systolic elastance in humans. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38(7):2028-2034. doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01651-5 | Noninvasive single-beat determination of left ventricular end-systolic elastance in humans | This study developed and validated a noninvasive method to estimate left ventricular end-systolic elastance (E(es)) using single-beat parameters derived from arm-cuff pressures and echocardiographic data. The noninvasive estimates showed strong correlation with invasively measured E(es) across a wide physiological range, including under inotropic stimulation, demonstrating the method’s reliability and potential clinical utility. | 2001 | Am Coll Cardiol |
| Ohlsson A, Kubo SH, Steinhaus D, et al. Continuous ambulatory monitoring of absolute right ventricular pressure and mixed venous oxygen saturation in patients with heart failure using an implantable haemodynamic monitor: results of a 1 year multicentre feasibility study. Eur Heart J. 2001;22(11):942-954. doi:10.1053/euhj.2000.2419 | Continuous ambulatory monitoring of absolute right ventricular pressure and mixed venous oxygen saturation in patients with heart failure using an implantable haemodynamic monitor: results of a 1 year multicentre feasibility study | This multicentre feasibility study evaluated implantable right ventricular sensors measuring pressure and mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO₂) in 21 heart failure patients, showing high correlation with reference catheterization values, consistent underestimation, and stable performance over 12 months. Despite technical failures in several oxygen and pressure sensors, the results support the potential of such devices to monitor haemodynamics and guide therapeutic interventions in heart failure. | 2001 | Eur Heart J |
| Gödje O, Höke K, Goetz AE, et al. Reliability of a new algorithm for continuous cardiac output determination by pulse-contour analysis during hemodynamic instability. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(1):52-58. doi:10.1097/00003246-200201000-00008 | Reliability of a new algorithm for continuous cardiac output determination by pulse-contour analysis during hemodynamic instability | This study tested the PiCCO pulse-contour method for continuous cardiac output monitoring during hemodynamic instability against transpulmonary thermodilution in 24 post–cardiac surgery ICU patients (517 measurements over 8–44 hours), showing the new algorithm outperformed the original (correlation r=0.88 vs 0.76; Bland-Altman bias/SD −0.2±1.2 L/min vs 0.08±1.81 L/min). Accuracy was stable across wide changes in cardiac output (2.7–14.1 L/min) and systemic vascular resistance (450–2360 dyn·s·cm⁻5), no interim recalibration was needed within the study periods, and the technique offers a less invasive, clinically acceptable alternative for continuous monitoring in unstable patients. | 2002 | Crit Care Med |
| Zile MR, Brutsaert DL. New concepts in diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure: Part I: diagnosis, prognosis, and measurements of diastolic function. Circulation. 2002 Mar 19;105(11):1387-93. doi: 10.1161/hc1102.105289. PMID: 11901053. | New concepts in diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure: Part I: diagnosis, prognosis, and measurements of diastolic function | This two-part article provides a perspective on diastolic heart failure, highlighting new research and emerging ideas. Part 1 covers diagnostic criteria, prognosis, and measurements of diastolic function, while Part 2 explores the mechanisms and treatment approaches. | 2002 | Circulation |
| Zile MR, Brutsaert DL. New concepts in diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure: Part II: causal mechanisms and treatment. Circulation. 2002 Mar 26;105(12):1503-8. doi: 10.1161/hc1202.105290. PMID: 11914262. | New concepts in diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure: Part II: causal mechanisms and treatment | This two-part article provides a perspective on diastolic heart failure, highlighting new research and emerging ideas. Part 1 covers diagnostic criteria, prognosis, and measurements of diastolic function, while Part 2 explores the mechanisms and treatment approaches. | 2002 | Circulation |
| Kjørstad KE, Korvald C, Myrmel T. Pressure-volume-based single-beat estimations cannot predict left ventricular contractility in vivo. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2002 May;282(5):H1739-50. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00638.2001. PMID: 11959639. | Pressure-volume-based single-beat estimations cannot predict left ventricular contractility in vivo | In conclusion, the current single-beat methods for estimating contractility were found to lack sufficient precision in predicting elastance. Additionally, none of the single-beat methods detected increased contractility, whereas dP/dtmax did, indicating that in vivo assessment of contractility requires further refinement. | 2002 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol |
| Zimmer HG. Who discovered the Frank-Starling mechanism?. News Physiol Sci. 2002;17:181-184. doi:10.1152/nips.01383.2002 | Who discovered the Frank-Starling mechanism? | Zimmer argues that the essential features of the Frank–Starling mechanism were first observed at Carl Ludwig’s Leipzig institute in 1866–1869 by Elias Cyon and Joseph Coats, with Henry P. Bowditch’s recordings, well before Otto Frank and Ernest H. Starling formalized the concept. He contrasts the early frog-heart preparations with later, more refined methods and concludes that while Starling’s law linked diastolic volume to energy output, the historical record should credit the Leipzig work and acknowledge that additional determinants of cardiac oxygen consumption were identified in subsequent studies. | 2002 | Physiol Sci |
| Romano SM, Pistolesi M. Assessment of cardiac output from systemic arterial pressure in humans. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(8):1834-1841. doi:10.1097/00003246-200208000-00027 | Assessment of cardiac output from systemic arterial pressure in humans | This study evaluated the reliability of the pressure recording analytical method (PRAM) for estimating cardiac index, using both invasive aortic signals (PRAMa) and noninvasive finger photoplethysmography (PRAMf), against criterion standards (direct Fick and thermodilution) in 22 hemodynamically stable patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. PRAM showed strong correlations with Fick (r² = 0.88 for PRAMa, 0.94 for PRAMf) and thermodilution (r² = 0.77 for both), with Bland-Altman analyses indicating good agreement and small mean differences, supporting PRAM as a reliable invasive and noninvasive option for beat-to-beat cardiac output monitoring within the evaluated cardiac index range (1.65–3.91 L·min⁻¹·m⁻²). | 2002 | Crit Care Med |
| Hamilton TT, Huber LM, Jessen ME. PulseCO: a less-invasive method to monitor cardiac output from arterial pressure after cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002;74(4):S1408-S1412. doi:10.1016/s0003-4975(02)04059-6 | PulseCO: a less-invasive method to monitor cardiac output from arterial pressure after cardiac surgery | In 20 patients after cardiac surgery, a single LiDCO calibration of PulseCO followed by measurements at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours showed no significant differences versus thermodilution or lithium dilution, with good agreement by concordance correlation and Bland-Altman analysis. PulseCO therefore provided reliable continuous cardiac output monitoring for at least 8 hours without recalibration and may offer a less invasive option for early postoperative care. | 2002 | Ann Thorac Surg |
| Brimioulle S, Wauthy P, Ewalenko P, Rondelet B, Vermeulen F, Kerbaul F, Naeije R. Single-beat estimation of right ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2003 May;284(5):H1625-30. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.01023.2002. Epub 2003 Jan 16. PMID: 12531727. | Single-beat estimation of right ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship | Estimation of the right ventricular hydromotive source pressure from non-linear regression. | 2003 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol |
| Smith BW, Chase JG, Nokes RI, Shaw GM, Wake G. Minimal haemodynamic system model including ventricular interaction and valve dynamics. Med Eng Phys. 2004 Mar;26(2):131-9. doi: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2003.10.001. PMID: 15036180. | Minimal haemodynamic system model including ventricular interaction and valve dynamics | Characterizing circulatory dysfunction and selecting appropriate treatment is challenging, often leading to delays or incorrect therapy. This paper develops a stable, minimal cardiovascular system model that accurately captures circulatory trends with simple, robust equations, demonstrating physiological consistency and providing a practical tool for medical staff for on site modelling to assist in diagnosis and treatment. | 2004 | Med Eng Phys |
| Huez S, Brimioulle S, Naeije R, Vachiéry JL. Feasibility of routine pulmonary arterial impedance measurements in pulmonary hypertension. Chest. 2004 Jun;125(6):2121-8. doi: 10.1378/chest.125.6.2121. PMID: 15189931. | Feasibility of routine pulmonary arterial impedance measurements in pulmonary hypertension | The assessment of pulmonary vascular impedance (PVZ) to quantify right ventricular (RV) afterload is practical during routine right heart catheterization and Doppler echocardiography, and it is sensitive to pharmacologic interventions. | 2004 | Chest |
| Lambermont B, Segers P, Ghuysen A, Tchana-Sato V, Morimont P, Dogne JM, Kolh P, Gerard P, D’Orio V. Comparison between single-beat and multiple-beat methods for estimation of right ventricular contractility. Crit Care Med. 2004 Sep;32(9):1886-90. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000139607.38497.8a. PMID: 15343017. | Comparison between single-beat and multiple-beat methods for estimation of right ventricular contractility | The current single-beat estimation method for assessing right ventricular contractility is ineffective, as it fails to detect changes—either increases or decreases—in contractility caused by pharmacologic interventions. | 2004 | Crit Care Med |
| Stoker, M. R. (2004). Principles of pressure transducers, resonance, damping and frequency response. Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, 5(11), 371–375. | Principles of pressure transducers, resonance, damping and frequency response | This article reviews the principles of pressure transducers used in clinical settings, emphasizing the importance of resonance, damping, and frequency response for accurate waveform reproduction. For arterial pressure monitoring at heart rates up to 180 beats per minute, the system must have a minimum bandwidth of 24 Hz to accurately capture the first eight harmonics of the waveform. | 2004 | Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine |
| Soto, Francisco J., et al. “Performance of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) vs. left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in the diagnosis/classification of patients with suspect pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).” Chest 128.4 (2005): 137S. | Performance of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) vs. left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in the diagnosis/classification of patients with suspect pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) | The study highlights the limitations of using PCWP as the sole method for assessing LV filling pressures in patients with suspected PAH, particularly when PCWP is greater than 10. The findings underscore the importance of measuring LVEDP to accurately differentiate between PAH and PVH. | 2005 | Chest |
| Gaynor SL, Maniar HS, Bloch JB, Steendijk P, Moon MR. Right atrial and ventricular adaptation to chronic right ventricular pressure overload. Circulation. 2005 Aug 30;112(9 Suppl):I212-8. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.517789. PMID: 16159819. | Right atrial and ventricular adaptation to chronic right ventricular pressure overload | In chronic RV pressure overload, systolic function is preserved while diastolic function is impaired. Increased RA contractility and distensibility help maintain ventricular filling, a crucial adaptation to prevent clinical failure in chronic pulmonary hypertension. | 2005 | Circulation |
| Binanay C, Califf RM, Hasselblad V, et al. Evaluation study of congestive heart failure and pulmonary artery catheterization effectiveness: the ESCAPE trial. JAMA. 2005;294(13):1625-1633. doi:10.1001/jama.294.13.1625 | Evaluation study of congestive heart failure and pulmonary artery catheterization effectiveness: the ESCAPE trial | In the ESCAPE trial involving 433 patients hospitalized with severe heart failure, use of a pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) did not improve survival or reduce hospitalization compared to clinical assessment alone, though both groups showed significant symptom improvement. However, PAC use was associated with a higher rate of in-hospital adverse events without affecting overall mortality, suggesting limited benefit and potential risk. | 2005 | JAMA |
| Burkhoff D, Mirsky I, Suga H. Assessment of systolic and diastolic ventricular properties via pressure-volume analysis: a guide for clinical, translational, and basic researchers. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2005 Aug;289(2):H501-12. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00138.2005. PMID: 16014610. | Assessment of systolic and diastolic ventricular properties via pressure-volume analysis: a guide for clinical, translational, and basic researchers | This review covers the basics of pressure-volume analysis, common real-world deviations, appropriate analytical methods, and solutions to common issues. It provides practical guidelines for accurately applying and interpreting pressure-volume data to assess ventricular and myocardial properties in health and disease. | 2005 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol |
| Karamanoglu M, Bennett TD. A right ventricular pressure waveform based pulse contour cardiac output algorithm in canines. Cardiovasc Eng. 2006 Sep;6(3):83-92. doi: 10.1007/s10558-006-9014-4. PMID: 16960760. | A right ventricular pressure waveform based pulse contour cardiac output algorithm in canines | Application of the pulse contour method to right ventricular pressure waveforms. | 2006 | Cardiovasc Eng |
| Klotz S, Hay I, Dickstein ML, Yi GH, Wang J, Maurer MS, Kass DA, Burkhoff D. Single-beat estimation of end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship: a novel method with potential for noninvasive application. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006 Jul;291(1):H403-12. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.01240.2005. Epub 2006 Jan 20. PMID: 16428349. | Single-beat estimation of end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship: a novel method with potential for noninvasive application | The LV end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship can be estimated from a single pressure-volume point, with strong correlation to measured data. Accuracy is higher for groups than individual hearts, and the method holds promise for noninvasive applications, complementing single-beat ESPVR estimation. | 2006 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol |
| Westerhof BE, Guelen I, Westerhof N, Karemaker JM, Avolio A. Quantification of wave reflection in the human aorta from pressure alone: a proof of principle. Hypertension. 2006 Oct;48(4):595-601. doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000238330.08894.17. Epub 2006 Aug 28. PMID: 16940207. | Quantification of wave reflection in the human aorta from pressure alone: a proof of principle | Wave reflections influence aortic pressure and are implicated in systolic hypertension, with traditional measures like the augmentation index (AI) having limitations due to their dependency on wave shape and timing. This study demonstrates that reflection magnitude and index can be estimated from pressure alone using approximated flow waves (FtIP and Ft30), showing strong correlations with values obtained from measured flow, thus supporting pressure-only analysis even in cases where AI is not applicable. | 2006 | Hypertension |
| Segers P, Rietzschel ER, De Buyzere ML, Vermeersch SJ, De Bacquer D, Van Bortel LM, De Backer G, Gillebert TC, Verdonck PR; Asklepios investigators. Noninvasive (input) impedance, pulse wave velocity, and wave reflection in healthy middle-aged men and women. Hypertension. 2007 Jun;49(6):1248-55. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.106.085480. Epub 2007 Apr 2. PMID: 17404183. | Noninvasive (input) impedance, pulse wave velocity, and wave reflection in healthy middle-aged men and women | In healthy middle-aged individuals, pulse wave velocity increased with age in both sexes, indicating higher arterial stiffness, but this was not consistently matched by changes in input impedance, suggesting age-related modulation of aortic geometry rather than uniform stiffening. While augmentation index and wave reflection measures increased with age, only augmentation index was consistently higher in women, highlighting sex-specific differences in arterial function. | 2007 | Hypertension |
| Karamanoglu M, McGoon M, Frantz RP, Benza RL, Bourge RC, Barst RJ, Kjellström B, Bennett TD. Right ventricular pressure waveform and wave reflection analysis in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Chest. 2007 Jul;132(1):37-43. doi: 10.1378/chest.06-2690. Epub 2007 May 15. PMID: 17505045. | Right ventricular pressure waveform and wave reflection analysis in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension | Introduction of method to estimate cardiac output from right ventricular pressure waveforms in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. | 2007 | Chest |
| Klotz S, Dickstein ML, Burkhoff D. A computational method of prediction of the end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship by single beat. Nat Protoc. 2007;2(9):2152-8. doi: 10.1038/nprot.2007.270. PMID: 17853871. | A computational method of prediction of the end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship by single beat | This protocol presents an algorithm to estimate the entire end-diastolic pressure–volume relation (EDPVR) in humans from a single measured pressure–volume point, leveraging volume-normalized EDPVRs (EDPVRn) that are nearly identical across patients. | 2007 | Nat Protoc |
| Haddad F, Hunt SA, Rosenthal DN, Murphy DJ. Right ventricular function in cardiovascular disease, part I: Anatomy, physiology, aging, and functional assessment of the right ventricle. Circulation. 2008 Mar 18;117(11):1436-48. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.653576. PMID: 18347220. | Right ventricular function in cardiovascular disease, part I: Anatomy, physiology, aging, and functional assessment of the right ventricle | Understanding RV physiology requires knowledge of contractility, preload, afterload, interdependence, and pericardial constraint. Due to its complex shape and load dependence, studying the RV is challenging. Promising noninvasive contractility indices include tissue Doppler IVA and the RV myocardial performance index. Future advances in 3D echocardiography, strain imaging, diffusion tensor MRI, and tissue characterization may lead to new indices of contractility, chamber compliance, and a better understanding of ventricular remodeling. | 2008 | Circulation |
| Haddad F, Doyle R, Murphy DJ, Hunt SA. Right ventricular function in cardiovascular disease, part II: pathophysiology, clinical importance, and management of right ventricular failure. Circulation. 2008 Apr 1;117(13):1717-31. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.653584. PMID: 18378625. | Right ventricular function in cardiovascular disease, part II: pathophysiology, clinical importance, and management of right ventricular failure | RV dysfunction is a key predictor of survival and exercise capacity in cardiopulmonary disease. RV failure begins with myocardial injury or stress, progressing through neurohormonal activation, cytokine release, altered gene expression, and ventricular remodeling. Ongoing research into its molecular, genetic, and neurohormonal underpinnings will aid in better management of RV failure. | 2008 | Circulation |
| Westerhof N, Lankhaar JW, Westerhof BE. The arterial Windkessel. Med Biol Eng Comput. 2009 Feb;47(2):131-41. doi: 10.1007/s11517-008-0359-2. Epub 2008 Jun 10. PMID: 18543011. | The arterial Windkessel | Frank’s Windkessel model represents arterial hemodynamics using resistance and compliance, effectively describing diastolic pressure decay but lacking accuracy in systole, which led to the addition of characteristic impedance to account for wave transmission phenomena. Despite being a lumped model unsuited for spatially distributed wave analysis, the Windkessel remains a useful and interpretable tool for estimating arterial compliance and approximating ventricular afterload. | 2009 | Med Biol Eng Comput |
| Sharman JE, Davies JE, Jenkins C, Marwick TH. Augmentation index, left ventricular contractility, and wave reflection. Hypertension. 2009 Nov;54(5):1099-105. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.133066. Epub 2009 Aug 31. PMID: 19720955. | Augmentation index, left ventricular contractility, and wave reflection | The findings expose a disparity between the traditional explanation for the shape of the augmented pressure wave, which attributes it to reflected pressure waves, and an emerging paradigm that accounts for the arterial reservoir and forward-traveling waves. Further studies are needed to resolve this disparity. | 2009 | Hypertension |
| ten Brinke EA, Klautz RJ, Verwey HF, van der Wall EE, Dion RA, Steendijk P. Single-beat estimation of the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship in patients with heart failure. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2010 Jan;198(1):37-46. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2009.02040.x. Epub 2009 Sep 6. PMID: 19735484. | Single-beat estimation of the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship in patients with heart failure | The findings, derived from hearts encompassing a wide range of sizes and conditions, support the application of the SB method. This approach enables less invasive ESPVR estimation, especially when combined with emerging noninvasive techniques for measuring LV pressures and volumes. | 2010 | Acta Physiol |
| Troughton RW, Ritzema J, Eigler NL, et al. Direct left atrial pressure monitoring in severe heart failure: long-term sensor performance. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2011;4(1):3-13. doi:10.1007/s12265-010-9229-z | Direct left atrial pressure monitoring in severe heart failure: long-term sensor performance | This study evaluated a left atrial pressure (LAP) sensing system in 84 patients with advanced heart failure, demonstrating successful quarterly calibration, minimal sensor drift, and strong correlation with pulmonary wedge pressure over up to 48 months. Device reliability improved over time, with freedom from failure reaching 100% in the last 41 patients, supporting the feasibility and safety of long-term LAP monitoring. | 2011 | Cardiovasc Transl Res |
| Alastruey J, Khir AW, Matthys KS, Segers P, Sherwin SJ, Verdonck PR, Parker KH, Peiró J. Pulse wave propagation in a model human arterial network: Assessment of 1-D visco-elastic simulations against in vitro measurements. J Biomech. 2011 Aug 11;44(12):2250-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.05.041. Epub 2011 Jul 2. PMID: 21724188; PMCID: PMC3278302. | Pulse wave propagation in a model human arterial network: Assessment of 1-D visco-elastic simulations against in vitro measurements | A nonlinear one-dimensional visco-elastic model of arterial wave propagation was validated against in vitro measurements in a full-scale replica of the 37 largest human systemic arteries, using directly measured parameters without data fitting. Compared to a purely elastic model, including wall visco-elasticity significantly reduced waveform errors and high-frequency oscillations, improving agreement with experimental pressure and flow data. | 2011 | J Biomech |
| Rich JD, Shah SJ, Swamy RS, Kamp A, Rich S. Inaccuracy of Doppler echocardiographic estimates of pulmonary artery pressures in patients with pulmonary hypertension: implications for clinical practice. Chest. 2011 May;139(5):988-993. doi: 10.1378/chest.10-1269. Epub 2010 Sep 23. PMID: 20864617. | Inaccuracy of Doppler echocardiographic estimates of pulmonary artery pressures in patients with pulmonary hypertension: implications for clinical practice | Inaccuracy of Doppler echocardiographic estimates of pulmonary artery pressures in patients with pulmonary hypertension: implications for clinical practice | 2011 | Chest |
| Tedford RJ, Hassoun PM, Mathai SC, Girgis RE, Russell SD, Thiemann DR, Cingolani OH, Mudd JO, Borlaug BA, Redfield MM, Lederer DJ, Kass DA. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure augments right ventricular pulsatile loading. Circulation. 2012 Jan 17;125(2):289-97. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.051540. Epub 2011 Nov 30. PMID: 22131357; PMCID: PMC3264431. | Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure augments right ventricular pulsatile loading | Increased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure seems to elevate net right ventricular afterload by raising pulsatile load in relation to resistive load, potentially contributing to right ventricular dysfunction. | 2012 | Circulation |
| Kopeć G, Moertl D, Jankowski P, Tyrka A, Sobień B, Podolec P. Pulmonary artery pulse wave velocity in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Can J Cardiol. 2013;29(6):683-690. doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2012.09.019 | Pulmonary artery pulse wave velocity in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension | In 26 patients with incident idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, invasively measured pulmonary artery pulse wave velocity was markedly higher than in 10 controls and was accompanied by increased pulmonary artery diameter and wall thickness. Within the IPAH group, mean pulmonary artery pressure, low LDL cholesterol, and BMI below 25 kg/m² were the main independent predictors of pulmonary artery pulse wave velocity. | 2021 | Can J Cardiol. |
| Herberg U, Gatzweiler E, Breuer T, Breuer J. Ventricular pressure-volume loops obtained by 3D real-time echocardiography and mini pressure wire-a feasibility study. Clin Res Cardiol. 2013 Jun;102(6):427-38. doi: 10.1007/s00392-013-0548-3. Epub 2013 Feb 9. PMID: 23397593. | Ventricular pressure-volume loops obtained by 3D real-time echocardiography and mini pressure wire-a feasibility study | The calculation of pressure-volume relations (PVR) using 3DE volume curves and simultaneous pressure data from a mini pressure wire is a practical method for assessing cardiac function. The small size of the pressure wire allows PVR measurement even in neonates with congenital heart disease. | 2013 | Clin Res Cardiol |
| McCabe C, White PA, Hoole SP, Axell RG, Priest AN, Gopalan D, Taboada D, MacKenzie Ross R, Morrell NW, Shapiro LM, Pepke-Zaba J. Right ventricular dysfunction in chronic thromboembolic obstruction of the pulmonary artery: a pressure-volume study using the conductance catheter. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2014 Feb 15;116(4):355-63. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01123.2013. Epub 2013 Dec 19. PMID: 24356516; PMCID: PMC3921352. | Right ventricular dysfunction in chronic thromboembolic obstruction of the pulmonary artery: a pressure-volume study using the conductance catheter | Conductance catheterization reveals novel alterations in pressure-volume loop morphology and prolonged right ventricular (RV) relaxation in patients with chronic thromboembolic disease (CTED) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), indicating functional adaptation in thromboembolic obstruction. While conductance provides useful insights into RV mechanics, its determination of absolute RV volume is suboptimal compared to cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), necessitating further studies to evaluate its clinical implications. | 2014 | Appl Physiol |
| Bouwmeester JC, Belenkie I, Shrive NG, Tyberg JV. Wave reflections in the pulmonary arteries analysed with the reservoir-wave model. J Physiol. 2014 Jul 15;592(14):3053-62. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2014.273094. Epub 2014 Apr 22. PMID: 24756638; PMCID: PMC4214659. | Wave reflections in the pulmonary arteries analysed with the reservoir-wave model | This study applied the reservoir-wave model to pulmonary artery pressure and flow measurements in anesthetized dogs, separating reservoir and wave-related components to better characterize wave intensity and reflections. The findings show that negative wave reflections arise at lobar artery junctions, reducing peak systolic pressure while enhancing blood flow, with their strength modulated by volume loading and positive end-expiratory pressure. | 2014 | J Physiol |
| Bachman TN, Bursic JJ, Simon MA, Champion HC. A Novel Acquisition Technique to Utilize Swan-Ganz Catheter data as a Surrogate for High-fidelity Micromanometry within the Right Ventricle and Pulmonary Circuit. Cardiovasc Eng Technol. 2013;4(2):183-191. doi:10.1007/s13239-013-0124-z | A Novel Acquisition Technique to Utilize Swan-Ganz Catheter data as a Surrogate for High-fidelity Micromanometry within the Right Ventricle and Pulmonary Circuit | The study evaluated whether conventional right-heart catheterization waveforms, acquired prospectively and retrospectively re-digitized, can serve as a surrogate for high-fidelity micromanometry when computing time-domain RV and pulmonary hemodynamic parameters, comparing heart rate, systolic and diastolic pressures, and dP/dt extrema across methods in 13 patients suspected of pulmonary hypertension. Across 12–13 RV and 12 PA waveforms per patient and method, correlations were strongest for systolic pressure and then heart rate and weakest for diastolic pressure, with Bland–Altman analyses showing clinically minimal bias and low operator variability, supporting the use of digital RHC data and re-digitized historical tracings for rigorous time-domain analysis under ideal conditio | 2013 | Cardiovasc Eng Technol |
| Vonk-Noordegraaf A, Haddad F, Chin KM, Forfia PR, Kawut SM, Lumens J, Naeije R, Newman J, Oudiz RJ, Provencher S, Torbicki A, Voelkel NF, Hassoun PM. Right heart adaptation to pulmonary arterial hypertension: physiology and pathobiology. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Dec 24;62(25 Suppl):D22-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.10.027. PMID: 24355638. | Right heart adaptation to pulmonary arterial hypertension: physiology and pathobiology | This report highlights advancements in understanding RHF syndrome and identifies key research priorities, including defining normal right heart function, exploring molecular pathways, and improving management strategies. Testing new medications on pressure-overloaded right ventricles is advised before clinical trials, which should also include right heart size and function as secondary outcomes. | 2013 | J Am Coll Cardiol |
| Vanderpool RR, Pinsky MR, Naeije R, Deible C, Kosaraju V, Bunner C, Mathier MA, Lacomis J, Champion HC, Simon MA. RV-pulmonary arterial coupling predicts outcome in patients referred for pulmonary hypertension. Heart. 2015 Jan;101(1):37-43. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306142. Epub 2014 Sep 11. PMID: 25214501; PMCID: PMC4268056. | RV-pulmonary arterial coupling predicts outcome in patients referred for pulmonary hypertension | In conclusion, this study highlights the prognostic significance of RV-arterial coupling, assessed through ESV and EDV imaging, in patients evaluated for pulmonary hypertension (PH). Validation in larger PH patient cohorts is necessary to confirm these findings. | 2015 | Heart |
| Westerhof N, Segers P, Westerhof BE. Wave Separation, Wave Intensity, the Reservoir-Wave Concept, and the Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio: Presumptions and Principles. Hypertension. 2015 Jul;66(1):93-8. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.05567. Epub 2015 May 26. Erratum in: Hypertension. 2015 Sep;66(3):e21. doi: 10.1161/HYP.0000000000000036. PMID: 26015448. | Wave Intensity, the Reservoir-Wave Concept, and the Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio: Presumptions and Principles | Wave separation analysis (WSA) and wave intensity analysis (WIA) both decompose arterial pressure and flow into forward and backward waves, with WIA emphasizing rapid changes and creating the misleading impression of a wave-free diastole, despite both methods yielding similar integrated results. Misinterpretations of this “wave-free” period underpin the flawed reservoir-wave concept and instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR), both of which contradict physical principles and should be abandoned. | 2015 | Hypertension |
| Mukkamala R, Hahn JO, Inan OT, Mestha LK, Kim CS, Töreyin H, Kyal S. Toward Ubiquitous Blood Pressure Monitoring via Pulse Transit Time: Theory and Practice. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2015 Aug;62(8):1879-901. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2015.2441951. Epub 2015 Jun 5. PMID: 26057530; PMCID: PMC4515215. | Toward Ubiquitous Blood Pressure Monitoring via Pulse Transit Time: Theory and Practice | This review article discusses the potential of pulse transit time (PTT) as a method for ubiquitous blood pressure (BP) monitoring, addressing its theoretical basis, practical challenges, and current research progress. It also provides recommendations for best practices, future research directions, and sets realistic expectations for the use of PTT in continuous BP monitoring enabled by wearable technology. | 2015 | IEEE Trans Biomed Eng |
| Thenappan T, Prins KW, Pritzker MR, Scandurra J, Volmers K, Weir EK. The Critical Role of Pulmonary Arterial Compliance in Pulmonary Hypertension. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2016 Feb;13(2):276-84. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201509-599FR. PMID: 26848601; PMCID: PMC5461956. | Critical Role of Pulmonary Arterial Compliance in Pulmonary Hypertension | PH is associated with an early decline in pulmonary artery compliance, increasing RV afterload through premature wave reflection and contributing to distal pulmonary artery vasculopathy. This loss of compliance, even with normal PVR, predicts mortality and may serve as both a therapeutic target and an early screening tool. | 2016 | Ann Am Thorac Soc |
| Secomb TW. Hemodynamics. Compr Physiol. 2016 Mar 15;6(2):975-1003. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c150038. PMID: 27065172; PMCID: PMC4958049. | Hemodynamics | Review that outlines the physical principles that govern the distribution of blood flow and blood pressure in the vascular system. | 2016 | Compr Physiol |
| Magder S. Right Atrial Pressure in the Critically Ill: How to Measure, What Is the Value, What Are the Limitations? Chest. 2017 Apr;151(4):908-916. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.10.026. Epub 2016 Nov 1. PMID: 27815151. | Right Atrial Pressure in the Critically Ill: How to Measure, What Is the Value, What Are the Limitations? | A wealth of information can also be obtained from the waveforms in the tracing and their variations throughout the respiratory cycle. | 2017 | Chest |
| Vanden Eynden F, Bové T, Chirade ML, Van Nooten G, Segers P. Measuring pulmonary arterial compliance: mission impossible? Insights from a novel in vivo continuous-flow based experimental model. Pulm Circ. 2018 Apr-Jun;8(2):2045894018776882. doi: 10.1177/2045894018776882. Epub 2018 Apr 30. PMID: 29708019; PMCID: PMC5960867. | Measuring pulmonary arterial compliance: mission impossible? Insights from a novel in vivo continuous-flow based experimental model | This study evaluated several methods for quantifying pulmonary arterial compliance in pigs under pulsatile conditions against a reference based on continuous flow through a right ventricular bypass, including stroke volume/pulse pressure ratio, diastolic decay exponential fitting, area method, and pulse pressure method. Resistance decreased and compliance increased with flow, the pulmonary time constant was about 2.06 s, pulsatile-flow methods underestimated compliance compared to continuous flow (with best agreement from the diastolic decay method), and both resistance and compliance were flow-dependent, inversely related, and influenced by non-uniformly distributed compliance. | 2018 | Pulm Circ |
| Bellofiore A, Vanderpool R, Brewis MJ, Peacock AJ, Chesler NC. A novel single-beat approach to assess right ventricular systolic function. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2018 Feb 1;124(2):283-290. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00258.2017. Epub 2017 Oct 12. PMID: 29025899; PMCID: PMC5867365. | A novel single-beat approach to assess right ventricular systolic function | Use of second derivative to estimate isovolumetric contraction and relaxation intervalls. | 2018 | J Appl Physiol |
| Reddy YNV, Andersen MJ, Obokata M, Koepp KE, Kane GC, Melenovsky V, Olson TP, Borlaug BA. Arterial Stiffening With Exercise in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Jul 11;70(2):136-148. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.05.029. PMID: 28683960; PMCID: PMC5520668. | Arterial Stiffening With Exercise in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction | In HFpEF, abnormal pulsatile aortic loading during exercise occurs independently of hypertension and correlates with stress-induced hemodynamic derangements. Inorganic nitrite reduces arterial stiffening and improves hemodynamics, suggesting partial reversibility. Further research is needed to explore NO-targeting therapies for arterial stiffness in HFpEF. | 2017 | Am Coll Cardiol |
| Picone DS, Schultz MG, Otahal P, et al. Accuracy of Cuff-Measured Blood Pressure: Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70(5):572-586. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.05.064 | Accuracy of Cuff-Measured Blood Pressure: Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses | This comprehensive meta-analysis of 74 studies (3,073 participants) found that cuff blood pressure (BP) measurements show significant discrepancies compared to intra-arterial brachial and aortic BP, leading to frequent BP misclassification. The results highlight the need for stricter accuracy standards for BP devices to enhance hypertension diagnosis and cardiovascular risk management. | 2017 | J Am Coll Cardiol |
| Naeije R, Gerges M, Vachiery JL, Caravita S, Gerges C, Lang IM. Hemodynamic Phenotyping of Pulmonary Hypertension in Left Heart Failure. Circ Heart Fail. 2017 Sep;10(9):e004082. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.004082. PMID: 28912263. | Hemodynamic Phenotyping of Pulmonary Hypertension in Left Heart Failure | Pulmonary hypertension (PH) from left heart conditions, marked by elevated pulmonary venous pressure, is classified into Cpc-PH and Ipc-PH based on clinical features, vascular pressure gradients, and RV function. Cpc-PH has a poor prognosis, and the impact of PAH-targeted therapies on its outcomes requires validation through multicenter randomized trials. | 2017 | Circ Heart Fail |
| Su J, Manisty C, Parker KH, et al. Wave Intensity Analysis Provides Novel Insights Into Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6(11):e006679. Published 2017 Oct 31. doi:10.1161/JAHA.117.006679 | Wave Intensity Analysis Provides Novel Insights Into Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension | Wave intensity analysis during right heart catheterization showed that pulmonary hypertension patients had greater wave speed, wave power, and wave reflection compared with controls, indicating increased arterial stiffness, right ventricular workload, and vascular impedance mismatch. Wave reflection occurred early and was unrelated to disease severity, while PAH patients exhibited a lower wave power fraction than CTEPH patients, suggesting distinct ventricular loading characteristics between the two conditions. | 2017 | J Am Heart Assoc |
| Hubbert L, Baranowski J, Delshad B, Ahn H. Left Atrial Pressure Monitoring With an Implantable Wireless Pressure Sensor After Implantation of a Left Ventricular Assist Device. ASAIO J. 2017;63(5):e60-e65. doi:10.1097/MAT.0000000000000451 | Left Atrial Pressure Monitoring With an Implantable Wireless Pressure Sensor After Implantation of a Left Ventricular Assist Device | This case series of four LVAD recipients demonstrated the first long-term clinical use of a wireless left atrial pressure (LAP) sensor, enabling daily home monitoring and correlation with pump speed, ventricular size, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. The device functioned reliably without failures or adverse events, supporting its feasibility for precise hemodynamic management during LVAD support. | 2017 | ASAIO J |
| Heerdt PM, Korfhagen S, Ezz H, Oromendia C. Accuracy of a Simulation Algorithm for Modelling LV Contractility, Diastolic Capacitance, and Energetics Using Data Available From Common Hemodynamic Monitors and Echocardiography. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2018 Feb;32(1):381-388. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2017.09.032. Epub 2017 Sep 27. PMID: 29153929. | Accuracy of a Simulation Algorithm for Modelling LV Contractility, Diastolic Capacitance, and Energetics Using Data Available From Common Hemodynamic Monitors and Echocardiography | In summary, the study supports the hypothesis that a simulation algorithm, utilizing data readily available from hemodynamic monitors and echocardiography, can accurately model LV contractility, diastolic capacitance, and energetics across various inotropic conditions. While these findings demonstrate potential in a large animal experimental model, their clinical application has yet to be established. | 2018 | J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
| Grensemann J. Cardiac Output Monitoring by Pulse Contour Analysis, the Technical Basics of Less-Invasive Techniques. Front Med (Lausanne). 2018;5:64. Published 2018 Mar 6. doi:10.3389/fmed.2018.00064 | Cardiac Output Monitoring by Pulse Contour Analysis, the Technical Basics of Less-Invasive Techniques. | Pulse contour systems (PCS) provide less-invasive cardiac output monitoring by estimating flow from arterial waveform analysis without external calibration, inferring vascular dynamic characteristics from demographics/nomograms or waveform micro-oscillations, and require a correctly tuned catheter–transducer system verified by a fast-flush test. Despite reduced accuracy in settings like intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation or extreme systemic vascular resistance, perioperative algorithm-guided use can lower complications, making PCS a useful adjunct for critical care when their operational limits are respected. | 2018 | Front Med |
| Donner DG, Kiriazis H, Du XJ, Marwick TH, McMullen JR. Improving the quality of preclinical research echocardiography: observations, training, and guidelines for measurement. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2018;315(1):H58-H70. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00157.2018 | Improving the quality of preclinical research echocardiography: observations, training, and guidelines for measurement | This study demonstrates that informal training in preclinical mouse echocardiography leads to high interobserver variability and reduced measurement accuracy. A structured, minimal-resource training intervention significantly improved the precision and reproducibility of echocardiographic measurements, highlighting the need for standardized technical training in preclinical research. | 2018 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol |
| Tello K, Richter MJ, Axmann J, Buhmann M, Seeger W, Naeije R, Ghofrani HA, Gall H. More on Single-Beat Estimation of Right Ventriculoarterial Coupling in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018 Sep 15;198(6):816-818. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201802-0283LE. PMID: 29756988. | More on Single-Beat Estimation of Right Ventriculoarterial Coupling in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension | Thus, mPAP cannot be a surrogate for RV ESP in the evaluation of RV contractility and RV–arterial coupling. Although the small sample size of our study must be considered, our results suggest that ESP can be cautiously estimated by the equation ESP = 1.65 × mPAP − 7.79 in the absence of direct measurements. | 2018 | Am J Respir Crit Care Med |
| Tello K, Dalmer A, Axmann J, Vanderpool R, Ghofrani HA, Naeije R, Roller F, Seeger W, Sommer N, Wilhelm J, Gall H, Richter MJ. Reserve of Right Ventricular-Arterial Coupling in the Setting of Chronic Overload. Circ Heart Fail. 2019 Jan;12(1):e005512. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.118.005512. PMID: 30616360. | Reserve of Right Ventricular-Arterial Coupling in the Setting of Chronic Overload | In conclusion, the analysis of CMR, hemodynamic data, and single-beat pressure-volume loop measurements in 42 consecutive patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) demonstrates that RV-PA coupling, defined by Ees/Ea, exhibits substantial reserve and is associated with indicators of RV maladaptation. The study suggests that SV/ESV may be at least as effective as Ees/Ea in identifying imminent RV failure in PH. | 2019 | Circ Heart Fail |
| Wo N, Rajagopal V, Cheung MMH, Smolich JJ, Mynard JP. Assessment of single beat end-systolic elastance methods for quantifying ventricular contractility. Heart Vessels. 2019 Apr;34(4):716-723. doi: 10.1007/s00380-018-1303-5. Epub 2018 Nov 14. PMID: 30430293. | Assessment of single beat end-systolic elastance methods for quantifying ventricular contractility | In sheep data across various heart rates and inotropic states, single-beat elastance estimation methods showed poor absolute accuracy. Correlations with EMB improved within individuals, especially during afterload increases. Shishido et al.’s method [2] performed best, with strong within-animal EMB correlations. | 2019 | Heart Vessels. |
| Raymond M, Grønlykke L, Couture EJ, Desjardins G, Cogan J, Cloutier J, Lamarche Y, L’Allier PL, Ravn HB, Couture P, Deschamps A, Chamberland ME, Ayoub C, Lebon JS, Julien M, Taillefer J, Rochon A, Denault AY. Perioperative Right Ventricular Pressure Monitoring in Cardiac Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2019 Apr;33(4):1090-1104. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.08.198. Epub 2018 Aug 25. PMID: 30269893. | Perioperative Right Ventricular Pressure Monitoring in Cardiac Surgery | Analysis of right ventricular pressure waveforms for monitoring in cardiac surgery. | 2019 | J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
| Vanderpool RR, Puri R, Osorio A, Wickstrom K, Desai A, Black S, Garcia JGN, Yuan J, Rischard F. EXPRESS: Surfing the Right Ventricular Pressure Waveform: Methods to assess Global, Systolic and Diastolic RV Function from a Clinical Right Heart Catheterization. Pulm Circ. 2019 Apr 29;10(1):2045894019850993. doi: 10.1177/2045894019850993. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 31032737; PMCID: PMC7031797. | Surfing the Right Ventricular Pressure Waveform: Methods to assess Global, Systolic and Diastolic RV Function from a Clinical Right Heart Catheterization | When measured RV volumes are unavailable, RV diastolic stiffness and Eed can be estimated from clinical beat-to-beat pressure-volume curves. This is achieved by normalizing RV EDV to a constant volume and utilizing RHC-derived stroke volumes (SVs). The estimation of Eed is more sensitive to the measured SV and RAP than to the absolute values of ESV and EDV. | 2019 | Pulm Circ |
| Samura T, Yoshioka D, Asanoi H, Toda K, Miyagawa S, Yoshikawa Y, Hata H, Kainuma S, Kawamura T, Kawamura A, Sakata Y, Sawa Y. Right Atrial Pressure Waveform Predicts Right Ventricular Failure After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation. Ann Thorac Surg. 2019 Nov;108(5):1361-1368. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.04.050. Epub 2019 Jun 5. PMID: 31175868. | Right Atrial Pressure Waveform Predicts Right Ventricular Failure After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation | Analysis of right atrial pressure waveform to predict right ventricular failure after implantation of left ventricular assist devices. | 2019 | Ann Thorac Surg |
| Westerhof N., Stergiopulos N., Noble M. I. M., Westerhof B. E. (2019). Snapshots of Hemodynamics: An Aid for Clinical Research and Graduate Education, Vol. 3rd eds Westerhof N., Stergiopulos N., Noble M. I. M., Westerhof B. E. (New York, NY: Springer International Publishing AG; ) | Snapshots of Hemodynamics: An Aid for Clinical Research and Graduate Education | Snapshots of Hemodynamics: An Aid for Clinical Research and Graduate Education | 2019 | Springer |
| Tello K, Wan J, Dalmer A, Vanderpool R, Ghofrani HA, Naeije R, Roller F, Mohajerani E, Seeger W, Herberg U, Sommer N, Gall H, Richter MJ. Validation of the Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion/Systolic Pulmonary Artery Pressure Ratio for the Assessment of Right Ventricular-Arterial Coupling in Severe Pulmonary Hypertension. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019 Sep;12(9):e009047. doi: 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.119.009047. Epub 2019 Sep 10. PMID: 31500448; PMCID: PMC7099862. | Validation of the Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion/Systolic Pulmonary Artery Pressure Ratio for the Assessment of Right Ventricular-Arterial Coupling in Severe Pulmonary Hypertension | Validation of the Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion/Systolic Pulmonary Artery Pressure Ratio for the Assessment of Right Ventricular-Arterial Coupling in Severe Pulmonary Hypertension. | 2019 | Circ Cardiovasc Imaging |
| Walmsley J, Squara P, Wolfhard U, Cornelussen R, Lumens J. Impact of abrupt versus gradual correction of mitral and tricuspid regurgitation: a modelling study. EuroIntervention. 2019 Nov 20;15(10):902-911. doi: 10.4244/EIJ-D-19-00598. PMID: 31746755. | Impact of abrupt versus gradual correction of mitral and tricuspid regurgitation: a modelling study | The study simulated MR and TR in CircAdapt with ERO 0.5 to 0.7 cm², reduced contractility, and pulmonary hypertension, and found that abrupt closure produced a transient spike in ventricular fiber stress: MR correction raised LV by ~40% and RV by ~15%, and TR correction raised LV by ~26% and RV by ~19%; the spike was longer with myocardial dysfunction and worse with pulmonary hypertension. Gradual ERO closure eliminated the spike in tissue load, suggesting staged correction may be safer and merits clinical investigation. | 2019 | EuroIntervention |
| Seemann F, Arvidsson P, Nordlund D, Kopic S, Carlsson M, Arheden H, Heiberg E. Noninvasive Quantification of Pressure-Volume Loops From Brachial Pressure and Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019 Dec;12(1):e008493. doi: 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.118.008493. Erratum in: Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2025 Feb;18(2):e000087. doi: 10.1161/HCI.0000000000000087. PMID: 30630347. | Noninvasive Quantification of Pressure-Volume Loops From Brachial Pressure and Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance | This study presents a novel, experimentally validated noninvasive method to compute individualized left ventricular pressure–volume (PV) loops using cardiovascular magnetic resonance and brachial pressure data, based on a time-varying elastance model. The method demonstrated strong agreement with invasive measurements and successfully differentiated heart failure patients from healthy controls, offering potential as a clinical and research tool for cardiac function assessment. | 2019 | Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. |
| Nagueh SF. Left Ventricular Diastolic Function: Understanding Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Prognosis With Echocardiography. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020 Jan;13(1 Pt 2):228-244. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.10.038. Epub 2019 Apr 12. PMID: 30982669. | Diastolic Function: Understanding Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Prognosis With Echocardiography | Left ventricular diastolic function is a key determinant of filling and stroke volume, and its impairment is common in cardiovascular disease, where it is linked to increased mortality and heart failure hospitalizations. Echocardiography enables the diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction, assessment of underlying mechanisms, and prediction of clinical outcomes. | 2020 | JACC Cardiovasc Imaging |
| Heerdt PM, Kheyfets V, Charania S, Elassal A, Singh I. A pressure-based single beat method for estimation of right ventricular ejection fraction: proof of concept. Eur Respir J. 2020 Mar 12;55(3):1901635. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01635-2019. PMID: 31771999; PMCID: PMC7885179. | A pressure-based single beat method for estimation of right ventricular ejection fraction: proof of concept | Introduction of method to estimate right ventricular ejection fraction from right ventricular pressure waveforms. | 2020 | Eur Respir J |
| Bastos MB, Burkhoff D, Maly J, Daemen J, den Uil CA, Ameloot K, Lenzen M, Mahfoud F, Zijlstra F, Schreuder JJ, Van Mieghem NM. Invasive left ventricle pressure-volume analysis: overview and practical clinical implications. Eur Heart J. 2020 Mar 21;41(12):1286-1297. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz552. PMID: 31435675; PMCID: PMC7084193. | Invasive left ventricle pressure-volume analysis: overview and practical clinical implications | This review focuses on the principles of intra-cardiac left ventricular PV analysis, signal interpretation, and potential clinical applications. | 2020 | Eur Heart J |
| Ogilvie LM, Edgett BA, Huber JS, Platt MJ, Eberl HJ, Lutchmedial S, Brunt KR, Simpson JA. Hemodynamic assessment of diastolic function for experimental models. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2020 May 1;318(5):H1139-H1158. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00705.2019. Epub 2020 Mar 27. PMID: 32216614; PMCID: PMC7472516. | Hemodynamic assessment of diastolic function for experimental models | In conclusion, these guidelines offer recommendations to enhance the quality and precision of hemodynamic data collection and streamline the derivation of diastolic parameters, advancing the understanding of diastolic function in health and cardiac or respiratory disease. | 2020 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol |
| Bernardo RJ, Haddad F, Couture EJ, Hansmann G, de Jesus Perez VA, Denault AY, de Man FS, Amsallem M. Mechanics of right ventricular dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2020 Oct;10(5):1580-1603. doi: 10.21037/cdt-20-479. PMID: 33224775; PMCID: PMC7666917. | Mechanics of right ventricular dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction | RV dysfunction independently predicts survival in all forms of PH. Understanding RV mechanics reveals changes in contraction, filling, load-independent factors, energetics, and flow dynamics. Future computational approaches may integrate RV mechanics into clinical practice, therapy, and research. | 2020 | Cardiovasc Diagn Ther |
| Lambrecht, A., Vandenheuvel, M., Mauermann, E. et al. Single-Beat Estimation of Ventricular Contractility. SN Compr. Clin. Med. 3, 1002–1017 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42399-021-00820-8 | Single-Beat Estimation of Ventricular Contractility | The present findings indicate a need for external validation of the numerous existing SBE techniques of ventricular contractility. At present, SBE methods should be used with the utmost care in clinical research. | 2021 | SN Compr Clin Med |
| Banerjee S, Monteleone P, Novak S. Catheterization Laboratory Activity-Based Costing. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2021;14(3):e010228. doi:10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.120.010228 | Catheterization Laboratory Activity-Based Costing | This publication presents an activity-based costing (ABC) analysis of catheterization laboratory procedures to provide detailed insights into resource utilization and procedural costs. It aims to improve transparency, support cost-effective decision-making, and guide operational efficiency in cardiovascular intervention practices. | 2021 | Circ Cardiovasc Interv |
| Bootsma IT, Boerma EC, de Lange F, Scheeren TWL. The contemporary pulmonary artery catheter. Part 1: placement and waveform analysis. J Clin Monit Comput. 2022 Feb;36(1):5-15. doi: 10.1007/s10877-021-00662-8. Epub 2021 Feb 10. PMID: 33564995; PMCID: PMC8894225. | The contemporary pulmonary artery catheter. Part 1: placement and waveform analysis | Proper catheter placement and understanding of PAC waveforms are essential for accurate physiological interpretation and clinical decisions. Part two of this review covers the technical aspects, applications, limitations, and complications of modern PACs. | 2022 | J Clin Monit Comput |
| Brener MI, Lurz P, Hausleiter J, Rodés-Cabau J, et al. Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Arterial Coupling and Afterload Reserve in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Repair. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022 Feb 8;79(5):448-461. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.11.031. PMID: 35115101. | Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Arterial Coupling and Afterload Reserve in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Repair | RV-PA coupling, measured as the TAPSE/PASP ratio, is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in patients with tricuspid regurgitation (TR) undergoing transcatheter tricuspid valve repair or replacement (TTVR), with higher ratios (>0.406) associated with improved survival. A decline in RV-PA coupling post-TTVR was linked to increased mortality risk, while greater TR reduction correlated with better RV-PA coupling, suggesting its utility in patient selection and prognostication. | 2022 | J Am Coll Cardiol |
| Bootsma IT, Boerma EC, Scheeren TWL, de Lange F. The contemporary pulmonary artery catheter. Part 2: measurements, limitations, and clinical applications. J Clin Monit Comput. 2022 Feb;36(1):17-31. doi: 10.1007/s10877-021-00673-5. Epub 2021 Mar 1. PMID: 33646499; PMCID: PMC7917533. | The contemporary pulmonary artery catheter. Part 2: measurements, limitations, and clinical applications | Modern PACs offer accurate, continuous monitoring of CO, RV function, and DO2/VO2 balance, integrating hemodynamic data for clinical use. Understanding these measurements and their limitations is essential for effective application. | 2022 | Clin Monit Comput |
| Richter MJ, Hsu S, Yogeswaran A, Husain-Syed F, Vadász I, Ghofrani HA, Naeije R, Harth S, Grimminger F, Seeger W, Gall H, Tedford RJ, Tello K. Right ventricular pressure-volume loop shape and systolic pressure change in pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2021 May 1;320(5):L715-L725. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00583.2020. Epub 2021 Mar 3. PMID: 33655769; PMCID: PMC8174826. | Right ventricular pressure-volume loop shape and systolic pressure change in pulmonary hypertension | The shape of pressure-volume (PV) loops, along with the RV systolic pressure differential, provides insight into how the right ventricle (RV) adapts to afterload in pulmonary hypertension (PH). | 2021 | Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol |
| Oakland H, Joseph P, Naeije R, Elassal A, Cullinan M, Heerdt PM, Singh I. Arterial load and right ventricular-vascular coupling in pulmonary hypertension. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2021 Jul 1;131(1):424-433. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00204.2021. Epub 2021 May 27. PMID: 34043473; PMCID: PMC8325619. | Arterial load and right ventricular-vascular coupling in pulmonary hypertension | We demonstrate that characteristic impedance (Zc) and a wave reflection coefficient, λ, can be derived from RV pressure waveform analysis. | 2021 | J Appl Physiol |
| Singh I, Oakland H, Elassal A, Heerdt PM. Defining end-systolic pressure for single-beat estimation of right ventricle-pulmonary artery coupling: simple… but not really. ERJ Open Res. 2021 Aug 23;7(3):00219-2021. doi: 10.1183/23120541.00219-2021. PMID: 34435035; PMCID: PMC8381254. | Defining end-systolic pressure for single-beat estimation of right ventricle-pulmonary artery coupling: simple… but not really | Comparison of the most common single-beat methods to estimate end-systolic pressure against the multi-beat method. | 2021 | ERJ Open Res |
| Belkin MN, Kalantari S, Kanelidis AJ, Miller T, Smith BA, Besser SA, Tehrani D, Chung BB, Nguyen A, Sarswat N, Blair JEA, Burkhoff D, Sayer G, Pinney SP, Uriel N, Kim G, Grinstein J. Aortic Pulsatility Index: A Novel Hemodynamic Variable for Evaluation of Decompensated Heart Failure. J Card Fail. 2021 Oct;27(10):1045-1052. doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2021.05.010. Epub 2021 May 25. PMID: 34048919; PMCID: PMC9073373. | Aortic Pulsatility Index: A Novel Hemodynamic Variable for Evaluation of Decompensated Heart Failure | The Aortic Pulsatility Index is a new invasive hemodynamic measure independently associated with improved survival and freedom from advanced therapies at 30-day follow-up. | 2021 | J Card Fail |
| Brener MI, Masoumi A, Ng VG, Tello K, Bastos MB, Cornwell WK 3rd, Hsu S, Tedford RJ, Lurz P, Rommel KP, Kresoja KP, Nagueh SF, Kanwar MK, Kapur NK, Hiremath G, Sarraf M, Van Den Enden AJM, Van Mieghem NM, Heerdt PM, Hahn RT, Kodali SK, Sayer GT, Uriel N, Burkhoff D. Invasive Right Ventricular Pressure-Volume Analysis: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Practical Recommendations. Circ Heart Fail. 2022 Jan;15(1):e009101. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.121.009101. Epub 2021 Dec 29. PMID: 34963308; PMCID: PMC8766922. | Invasive Right Ventricular Pressure-Volume Analysis: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Practical Recommendations | A comprehensive review of contemporary advancements in pressure-volume analysis. | 2022 | Circ Heart Fail |
| Richter MJ, Yogeswaran A, Husain-Syed F, Vadász I, Rako Z, Mohajerani E, Ghofrani HA, Naeije R, Seeger W, Herberg U, Rieth A, Tedford RJ, Grimminger F, Gall H, Tello K. A novel non-invasive and echocardiography-derived method for quantification of right ventricular pressure-volume loops. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022 Mar 22;23(4):498-507. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab038. PMID: 33668064. | A novel non-invasive and echocardiography-derived method for quantification of right ventricular pressure-volume loops | This study demonstrates the feasibility of constructing right ventricular pressure–volume loops using echocardiography by adapting a reference pressure curve derived from invasive measurements and synchronizing it with echocardiographic volume data. The method showed strong correlation and low bias compared to conductance catheter measurements, indicating its potential as a noninvasive alternative for assessing RV function, though further validation is needed. | 2022 | J Cardiovasc Imaging |
| Heerdt PM, Singh I, Elassal A, Kheyfets V, Richter MJ, Tello K. Pressure-based estimation of right ventricular ejection fraction. ESC Heart Fail. 2022;9(2):1436-1443. doi:10.1002/ehf2.13839 | Pressure-based estimation of right ventricular ejection fraction | The study compared a pressure waveform based method for estimating right ventricular ejection fraction with cardiac MRI in 25 pulmonary arterial hypertension patients and found strong agreement, including a high correlation and accurate detection of clinically important low RVEF below 35 percent. An automated beat to beat version also correlated with MRI and showed similar diagnostic performance, supporting potential use of pressure based RVEF assessment during right heart catheterization for monitoring responses to interventions. | 2022 | ESC Heart Fail |
| Shima H, Nakaya T, Tsujino I, Nakamura J, Sugimoto A, Sato T, Watanabe T, Ohira H, Suzuki M, Kato M, Yokota I, Konno S. Accuracy of Swan‒Ganz catheterization-based assessment of right ventricular function: Validation study using high-fidelity micromanometry-derived values as reference. Pulm Circ. 2022 Apr 18;12(2):e12078. doi: 10.1002/pul2.12078. PMID: 35514782; PMCID: PMC9063972. | Swan‒Ganz catheterization-based assessment of right ventricular function: Validation study using high-fidelity micromanometry-derived values as reference | In conclusion, this study evaluated the accuracy of SG-cath-derived RV function indices in PH patients, finding that key indices like Ees/Ea and β were similar and strongly correlated with Pressure-cath reference values. Proper use of these indices could enhance understanding, management, and outcomes in PH patients. | 2022 | Pulm Circ |
| Fukumitsu M, Groeneveldt JA, Braams NJ, Bayoumy AA, Marcus JT, Meijboom LJ, de Man FS, Bogaard HJ, Vonk Noordegraaf A, Westerhof BE. When right ventricular pressure meets volume: The impact of arrival time of reflected waves on right ventricle load in pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Physiol. 2022 May;600(10):2327-2344. doi: 10.1113/JP282422. Epub 2022 Apr 27. PMID: 35421903; PMCID: PMC9321993. | When right ventricular pressure meets volume: The impact of arrival time of reflected waves on right ventricle load in pulmonary arterial hypertension | Early reflected waves were linked to greater RV hypertrophy, PAH treatment reduced PVR and delayed these waves. | 2022 | J Physiol |
| Fraser AG, Monaghan MJ, van der Steen AFW, Sutherland GR. A concise history of echocardiography: timeline, pioneers, and landmark publications. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022 Aug 22;23(9):1130-1143. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jeac111. PMID: 35762885; PMCID: PMC9365309. | A concise history of echocardiography: timeline, pioneers, and landmark publications | Echocardiography, though less than 70 years old, has seen rapid technological progress in ultrasound and Doppler imaging, with many innovations shaped by simultaneous but independent efforts across different groups. Its most successful advances have relied on collaboration between engineers and clinicians, persistence against initial scepticism, and now increasingly depend on software innovations alongside hardware improvements. | 2022 | Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging |
| Couture EJ, Moses K, Monge García MI, Potes C, Haddad F, Grønlykke L, Garcia F, Paster E, Pibarot P, Denault AY. Longitudinal Validation of Right Ventricular Pressure Monitoring for the Assessment of Right Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in a Large Animal Ischemic Model. Crit Care Explor. 2023 Jan 18;5(1):e0847. doi: 10.1097/CCE.0000000000000847. PMID: 36699251; PMCID: PMC9851694. | Longitudinal Validation of Right Ventricular Pressure Monitoring for the Assessment of Right Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in a Large Animal Ischemic Model | Stepwise decreases in RV Ees during acute ischemic RV dysfunction were accurately tracked by RV dP/dtmax derived from the RV pressure waveform. | 2023 | Crit Care Explor |
| Nicoara, Alina, et al. “Right Ventriculo-Arterial Coupling Assessment by High-Fidelity Hemodynamic Measurements in Patients Undergoing Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation.” Circulation 148.Suppl_1 (2023): A14318-A14318. | Right Ventriculo-Arterial Coupling Assessment by High-Fidelity Hemodynamic Measurements in Patients Undergoing Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation | The study demonstrates the feasibility of assessing RV function using conductance catheters and 3D echocardiography, effectively identifying individual RV-PA coupling responses after LVAD implantation. Ongoing data collection aims to define RV adaptation phenotypes and establish RV-PA uncoupling thresholds linked to RVF. | 2023 | Circulation |
| Seemann F, Bruce CG, Khan JM, Ramasawmy R, Potersnak AG, Herzka DA, Kakareka JW, Jaimes AE, Schenke WH, O’Brien KJ, Lederman RJ, Campbell-Washburn AE. Dynamic pressure-volume loop analysis by simultaneous real-time cardiovascular magnetic resonance and left heart catheterization. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2023 Jan 16;25(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s12968-023-00913-4. PMID: 36642713; PMCID: PMC9841727. | Dynamic pressure-volume loop analysis by simultaneous real-time cardiovascular magnetic resonance and left heart catheterization | Dynamic PV loops obtained during real-time CMR-guided preload reduction offer quantitative metrics of contractility and compliance while providing more reliable volumetric measurements compared to conductance PV loop catheters. | 2023 | Cardiovasc Magn Reson |
| Houston BA, Brittain EL, Tedford RJ. Right Ventricular Failure. N Engl J Med. 2023 Mar 23;388(12):1111-1125. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra2207410. PMID: 36947468. | Right Ventricular Failure | Review article mechanisms, clinical presentation, and evaluation of right ventricular failure, as well as its management. | 2023 | N Engl J Med |
| Baratto C, Caravita S, Dewachter C, Faini A, Perego GB, Bondue A, Senni M, Muraru D, Badano LP, Parati G, Vachiéry JL. Right Heart Adaptation to Exercise in Pulmonary Hypertension: An Invasive Hemodynamic Study. J Card Fail. 2023 Sep;29(9):1261-1272. doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2023.04.009. Epub 2023 May 5. PMID: 37150503. | Right Heart Adaptation to Exercise in Pulmonary Hypertension: An Invasive Hemodynamic Study | Patients with PH-HFpEF often show a steeper rise in RAP during exercise compared to those with PAH, despite similar CO, suggesting a more limited Frank–Starling reserve. Dysfunctional preload and pericardial constraint may contribute to this steep RAP increase in PH. | 2023 | J Card Fail |
| Isotani Y, Amiya E, Hatano M, et al. A new assessment method for right ventricular diastolic function using right heart catheterization by pressure-volume loop. Physiol Rep. 2023;11(13):e15751. doi:10.14814/phy2.15751 | A new assessment method for right ventricular diastolic function using right heart catheterization by pressure-volume loop | This study validated an RHC-only method to estimate right ventricular diastolic stiffness (β) and end-diastolic elastance (Eed), showing strong agreement with CMR-derived volumes and diastolic metrics and meaningful correlations with echocardiographic E/A ratio. Using this method, β and Eed were significantly higher in restrictive cardiomyopathy with amyloidosis than in dilated cardiomyopathy, indicating its ability to detect right ventricular diastolic dysfunction. | 2023 | Physiol Rep |
| Grinstein J, Houston BA, Nguyen AB, Smith BA, Chinco A, Pinney SP, Tedford RJ, Belkin MN. Standardization of the Right Heart Catheterization and the Emerging Role of Advanced Hemodynamics in Heart Failure. J Card Fail. 2023 Nov;29(11):1543-1555. doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2023.08.009. Epub 2023 Aug 24. PMID: 37633442. | Standardization of the Right Heart Catheterization and the Emerging Role of Advanced Hemodynamics in Heart Failure | This review covers best practices in the cardiac catheterization lab and new findings on the prognostic value of advanced hemodynamic parameters. | 2023 | J Card Fail |
| Arvidsson PM, Green PG, Watson WD, Shanmuganathan M, Heiberg E, De Maria GL, Arheden H, Herring N, Rider OJ. Non-invasive left ventricular pressure-volume loops from cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and brachial blood pressure: validation using pressure catheter measurements. Eur Heart J Imaging Methods Pract. 2023 Oct 25;1(2):qyad035. doi: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyad035. PMID: 37969333; PMCID: PMC10631830. | Non-invasive left ventricular pressure-volume loops from cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and brachial blood pressure: validation using pressure catheter measurements | PV loop analysis derived from standard cine CMR imaging and brachial cuff blood pressures is precise, accurate, and offers non-invasive access to unique physiological insights. It is well-suited for research applications to monitor outcomes or identify therapeutic targets. | 2023 | Eur Heart J Imaging |
| Pinsky MR, Guarracino F. Pathophysiological implications of ventriculoarterial coupling in septic shock. Intensive Care Med Exp. 2023;11(1):87. Published 2023 Dec 7. doi:10.1186/s40635-023-00573-9 | Pathophysiological implications of ventriculoarterial coupling in septic shock | Proper ventriculo-arterial coupling (VAC) is the efficient matching of ventricular contractility (end-systolic elastance, Ees) to arterial load (arterial elastance, Ea), enabling optimal cardiac output, adequate organ perfusion, and effective circulation. In sepsis and septic shock, reductions in Ees, Ea, or both can cause ventriculo-arterial decoupling that makes left ventricular ejection energetically inefficient, can contribute to ventricular failure, and can reduce the effectiveness of treatments such as vasopressors unless therapy is tailored using bedside VAC assessment. | 2023 | Intensive Care Med Exp |
| J. Araos, C. Owyang, M. Martin-Flores, F. Teran, J. Kim, J.A. Retamal Montes, A. Notarianni, and P.M. Heerdt. Right Ventriculoarterial Coupling During Positive End-expiratory Pressure Titration Based on a Pressure-based Single Beat Method: A Proof-of-Concept Study (abstract). Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024;209:A3477. | Ventriculoarterial Coupling During Positive End-expiratory Pressure Titration Based on a Pressure-based Single Beat Method: A Proof-of-Concept Study | Single-beat RVP analysis with SV can help quantify PEEP-induced changes in RV:PA coupling, distinguishing effects of altered contractility or afterload to personalize treatment. The method identified distinct RV:PA coupling responses to PEEP in recruitable ARDS lungs versus overdistending healthy lungs. Future work should focus on automating the process for real-time, beat-to-beat measurements. | 2024 | Am J Respir Crit Care Med |
| Ribic D, Remme EW, Smiseth OA, Massey RJ, Eek CH, Kvitting JE, Gullestad L, Broch K, Russell K. Non-invasive myocardial work in aortic stenosis: validation and improvement in left ventricular pressure estimation. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2024 Jan 29;25(2):201-212. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jead227. PMID: 37672652; PMCID: PMC10824486. | Non-invasive myocardial work in aortic stenosis: validation and improvement in left ventricular pressure estimation | This study confirms the validity of non-invasive MWI in AS patients. Matching AVO to diastolic pressure improved LVP curve accuracy, aligning with the AS-specific model and potentially enhancing regional MWI assessment. | 2024 | Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging |
| Bikia V, Segers P, Rovas G, Anagnostopoulos S, Stergiopulos N. Novel theory and potential applications of central diastolic pressure decay time constant. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):5913. Published 2024 Mar 11. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-56137-8 | Novel theory and potential applications of central diastolic pressure decay time constant | The study demonstrated that the central aortic diastolic pressure decay time constant (τ), a marker of vascular health, can be estimated as τ = 0.7·T·MBP/cPP, with high accuracy (R² = 0.9 in silico; r = 0.94, normalized RMSE = 5.5% in vivo). This formula, independent of age and gender, enables assessment of τ without requiring full central pressure waveforms, thereby improving accessibility of this biomarker for vascular ageing evaluation. | 2024 | Sci Rep |
| Rayner SG, Tedford RJ, Leary PJ, Mak S, Houston BA. “This Patient Needs a Doctor, Not a Guideline!” The Zone of Uncertainty in Pulmonary Arterial Wedge Pressure Measurement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2024 Sep 15;210(6):712-714. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202402-0359VP. PMID: 38668713; PMCID: PMC11418889. | This Patient Needs a Doctor, Not a Guideline!” The Zone of Uncertainty in Pulmonary Arterial Wedge Pressure Measurement | Pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) is central to distinguishing pre- from post-capillary pulmonary hypertension and guiding therapy, but its measurement is affected by multiple technical and physiological sources of imprecision (respiratory and cardiac cycle phase, transducer leveling, completeness of occlusion, V-waves, intrathoracic pressure, and patient heterogeneity), making any single cutoff such as >15 mm Hg an unreliable discriminator of true pathophysiology. The authors propose that guidelines formally recognize a “Zone of Uncertainty” for PAWP between 12 and 18 mm Hg, within which post-capillary involvement should be considered possible but not assumed, and PAWP must be interpreted alongside ancillary clinical data rather than used as a binary threshold. | 2024 | Am J Respir Crit Care Med |
| Brener MI, Kanwar MK, Lander MM, Hamid NB, Raina A, Sethi SS, Finn MT, Fried JA, Raikhelkar J, Masoumi A, Rosenblum HR, Maurer MS, Sayer G, Burkhoff D, Uriel N. Impact of Interventricular Interaction on Ventricular Function: Insights From Right Ventricular Pressure-Volume Analysis. JACC Heart Fail. 2024 Jul;12(7):1179-1192. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2023.12.001. Epub 2024 Jan 10. PMID: 38206234. | Impact of Interventricular Interaction on Ventricular Function: Insights From Right Ventricular Pressure-Volume Analysis | Interventricular interactions led to enhanced RV compliance, reduced afterload, and preserved RV contractility. These findings challenge the prevailing notion that interventricular interactions impair RV function, offering significant insights into RV-LV dynamics across various conditions, including post-LVAD RV dysfunction. | 2024 | JACC Heart Fail |
| Ertugrul IA, Puspitarani RADA, Wijntjes B, Vervoorn MT, Ballan EM, van der Kaaij NP, van Goor H, Westenbrink BD, van der Plaats A, Nijhuis F, van Suylen V, Erasmus ME. Ex Situ Left Ventricular Pressure-Volume Loop Analyses for Donor Hearts: Proof of Concept in an Ovine Experimental Model. Transpl Int. 2024 Jul 11;37:12982. doi: 10.3389/ti.2024.12982. PMID: 39055346; PMCID: PMC11269103. | Ex Situ Left Ventricular Pressure-Volume Loop Analyses for Donor Hearts: Proof of Concept in an Ovine Experimental Model | This study presents a reproducible method for DCD heart preservation and demonstrates functional assessment of ovine hearts using ex situ PV loop analyses with virtual afterload and preload during ESHP. Further validation is needed to optimize graft selection and improve outcomes in DBD and DCD heart transplants before clinical use | 2024 | Transpl Int |
| Kremer N, Glocker F, Schäfer S, Rako Z, Yogeswaran A, Seeger W, Hopf HB, Tello K. Precision cardiac monitoring: algorithmic real-time assessment of right ventricular function in pulmonary hypertension. ESC Heart Fail. 2024 Aug;11(4):2469-2472. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.14833. Epub 2024 Apr 30. PMID: 38689380; PMCID: PMC11287341. | Precision cardiac monitoring: algorithmic real-time assessment of right ventricular function in pulmonary hypertension | Method for continuous estimation of hydromotive source pressure for continuous calculation of pressure-based ejection fraction. | 2024 | ESC Heart Fail |
| Heerdt PM, Kheyfets VO, Oakland HT, Joseph P, Singh I. Right Ventricular Pressure Waveform Analysis-Clinical Relevance and Future Directions. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2024 Oct;38(10):2433-2445. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2024.06.022. Epub 2024 Jun 20. PMID: 39025682. | Right Ventricular Pressure Waveform Analysis-Clinical Relevance and Future Directions | A comprehensive review of contemporary advancements in right ventricular waveform analysis. | 2024 | Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
| Meinert-Krause JP, Mechelinck M, Hein M, Habigt MA. Intrinsic mechanisms of right ventricular autoregulation. Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 23;14(1):9356. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-59787-w. PMID: 38654031; PMCID: PMC11039625. | Intrinsic mechanisms of right ventricular autoregulation | In the experiment, an acute increase in right-ventricular afterload resulted in a biphasic ESPVR. It is hypothesized that SDA was the causative factor for the first phase, while FSM was responsible for the second phase. The Anrep effect showed significant interindividual variability and likely occurred early, inhibiting ventricular dilation. | 2024 | Sci Rep |
| Denault A, Couture EJ, Perry T, Saade E, Calderone A, Zeng YH, Scherb D, Moses K, Potes C, Hammoud A, Beaubien-Souligny W, Elmi-Sarabi M, Grønlykke L, Lamarche Y, Lebon JS, Rousseau-Saine N, Desjardins G, Rochon A. Continuous Right Ventricular Pressure Monitoring in Cardiac Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2024 Aug;38(8):1673-1682. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2024.04.025. Epub 2024 Apr 22. PMID: 38862285. | Continuous Right Ventricular Pressure Monitoring in Cardiac Surgery | Elevated RVDPG and RVEDP are common in cardiac surgery. While RVDPG and RVEDP before CPB initiation do not indicate RV dysfunction and failure, they can be useful for diagnosing these conditions. | 2024 | J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
| Bachmann KF, Moller PW, Hunziker L, Maggiorini M, Berger D. Mechanisms maintaining right ventricular contractility-to-pulmonary arterial elastance ratio in VA ECMO: a retrospective animal data analysis of RV-PA coupling. J Intensive Care. 2024 May 11;12(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s40560-024-00730-6. PMID: 38734616; PMCID: PMC11088130. | Mechanisms maintaining right ventricular contractility-to-pulmonary arterial elastance ratio in VA ECMO: a retrospective animal data analysis of RV-PA coupling | Under VA ECMO support, the RV demonstrates the ability to enhance contractility in response to afterload changes to maintain VA coupling. However, abrupt additional afterload increases, such as those from mechanical inspiration, exceed the RV’s adaptive capacity, particularly in low preload states. Assessing RV function and RV-PA coupling using readily available bedside tools is feasible and provides valuable physiological insights in VA ECMO-treated patients. | 2024 | J Intensive Care |
| Lakatos BK, Rako Z, Szijártó Á, da Rocha BRB, Richter MJ, Fábián A, Gall H, Ghofrani HA, Kremer N, Seeger W, Zedler D, Yildiz S, Yogeswaran A, Merkely B, Tello K, Kovács A. Right ventricular pressure-strain relationship-derived myocardial work reflects contractility: Validation with invasive pressure-volume analysis. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2024 Jul;43(7):1183-1187. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2024.03.007. Epub 2024 Mar 18. PMID: 38508504. | Right ventricular pressure-strain relationship-derived myocardial work reflects contractility: Validation with invasive pressure-volume analysis | Similar to the LV, RV EF and GLS primarily reflect ventriculo-arterial coupling rather than myocardial contractility. However, integrating 3D echocardiography-derived GLS with instantaneous RV pressures enables the quantification of RV GMWI, which strongly correlates with the gold-standard measure of RV contractility. | 2024 | J Heart Lung Transplant |
| Kiarad V, Mahmood F, Hedayat M, Yunus R, Nicoara A, Liu D, Chu L, Senthilnathan V, Kai M, Khabbaz K. Intraoperative right ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume loop analysis in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A proof-of-concept methodology. JTCVS Open. 2024 Sep 26;22:225-234. doi: 10.1016/j.xjon.2024.09.020. PMID: 39780800; PMCID: PMC11704560. | Intraoperative right ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume loop analysis in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A proof-of-concept methodology | This study demonstrates the feasibility of generating intraoperative right ventricular (RV) pressure-volume (PV) loops and analyzing the end-systolic PV relationship (ESPVR) using routinely available hemodynamic and echocardiographic data in cardiac surgery patients. The results show that patients with preserved RV function had higher Ees values and a larger Ees/Ea ratio, suggesting the potential for real-time intraoperative RV function monitoring with further validation. | 2024 | JTCVS Open |
| Golbin JM, Shukla N, Nero N, Hockstein MA, Tonelli AR, Siuba MT. Non-invasive surrogates for right Ventricular-Pulmonary arterial coupling: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis. Pulm Circ. 2024 Oct 21;14(4):e70004. doi: 10.1002/pul2.70004. PMID: 39439999; PMCID: PMC11493845. | Non-invasive surrogates for right Ventricular-Pulmonary arterial coupling: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis | Non-invasive RV-PA coupling surrogates show moderate correlation with gold-standard PV loops and fail to clarify individual components, limiting their utility in managing RV dysfunction. | 2024 | Pulm Circ |
| Ádám Szijártó, Alina Nicoara, Mihai Podgoreanu, Márton Tokodi, Alexandra Fábián, Béla Merkely, András Sárkány, Zoltán Tősér, Sergio Caravita, Claudia Baratto, Michele Tomaselli, Denisa Muraru, Luigi Paolo Badano, Bálint Lakatos, Attila Kovács, Artificial intelligence-enabled reconstruction of the right ventricular pressure curve using the peak pressure value: a proof-of-concept study, European Heart Journal – Imaging Methods and Practice, Volume 2, Issue 4, October 2024, qyae099, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjimp/qyae099 | Artificial intelligence-enabled reconstruction of the right ventricular pressure curve using the peak pressure value: a proof-of-concept study | The proposed method facilitates the reconstruction of the RV pressure curve using only the peak value as input. This approach holds potential as a foundational element for the development of innovative echocardiographic tools aimed at afterload-adjusted assessment of RV function. | 2024 | European Heart Journal |
| Kremer N, Schaefer S, Yogeswaran A, Rako Z, Ghofrani HA, Seeger W, Kojonazarov B, Heerdt PM, Tedford RJ, Tello K. Exercise Limitation in Pulmonary Hypertension – Physiological Insights into the Six-Minute Walk Test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2024 Oct 15. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202407-1397RL. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39404674. | Exercise Limitation in Pulmonary Hypertension – Physiological Insights into the Six-Minute Walk Test | The results highlight the importance of the heart’s adaptive ability under stress and suggest that pauses during the 6MWT may signal when the heart is struggling, indicating reduced capacity in severe PH. | 2024 | Am J Respir Crit Care Med. |
| Yazaki K, Dewar M, Dauz J, Akazawa Y, Hui L, Sun M, Hui W, Kabir G, Dejardin JF, Connelly KA, Heximer SP, Friedberg MK. Serial and regional assessment of the right ventricular molecular and functional response to pressure loading. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2025 Jan 1;328(1):H58-H74. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00322.2024. Epub 2024 Oct 18. PMID: 39422363. | Serial and regional assessment of the right ventricular molecular and functional response to pressure loading | Right ventricular (RV) cellular and molecular responses to pressure overload begin early and involve both adaptive and maladaptive remodeling processes that occur simultaneously to preserve cardiac output. These findings imply that early therapeutic intervention targeting pressure relief, inflammation, fibrosis, and metabolic dysregulation may be critical in preventing irreversible RV damage and failure. | 2024 | J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol |
| Hemnes AR, Celermajer DS, D’Alto M, Haddad F, Hassoun PM, Prins KW, Naeije R, Vonk Noordegraaf A. Pathophysiology of the right ventricle and its pulmonary vascular interaction. Eur Respir J. 2024 Oct 31;64(4):2401321. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01321-2024. PMID: 39209482; PMCID: PMC11525331. | Pathophysiology of the right ventricle and its pulmonary vascular interaction | The right ventricle plays a crucial role in survival for patients with pulmonary hypertension. Building on the 2018 World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension’s framework, this review updates key mechanisms driving RV function, explores clinical metrics for assessment, and examines the roles of the right atrium and tricuspid regurgitation. It also discusses RV phenotypes in pulmonary vascular diseases, recent pharmacological studies, and future research directions. | 2024 | Eur Respir J |
| Fudim M, Kittipibul V, Swavely A, Gray A, Mikitka J, Young E, Dobbin O, Radzom M, Fee J, Molinger J, Patterson B, Battista Perego G, Badano LP, Parati G, Vachiéry JL, Senni M, Lanzarone E, Previdi F, Paleari S, Baratto C, Caravita S. Discrepancy in the Diagnosis of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Between Supine Versus Upright Exercise Hemodynamic Testing. Circ Heart Fail. 2024 Nov 8:e012020. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.124.012020. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39513293. | Discrepancy in the Diagnosis of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Between Supine Versus Upright Exercise Hemodynamic Testing. Circ Heart Fail. 2024 N | Half of HFpEF patients meeting criteria in the supine position failed to do so upright. Discordant HFpEF cases showed fewer structural and hemodynamic abnormalities than concordant ones. Upright exercise right heart catheterization is feasible and warrants further study to assess its clinical relevance. | 2024 | Circ Heart Fail |
| Wozolek, A., Soto, L., Couture, E., Perry, T., Cutler, J., Lahsaei, P., Leff, J., Moses, K., Potes, C., Scherb, D., Rochon, A., & Denault, A. Y. (2024). Successful perioperative monitoring of the right ventricular pressure: Development and evaluation of a new pulmonary artery catheter. Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2024.12.033 | Successful perioperative monitoring of the right ventricular pressure: Development and evaluation of a new pulmonary artery catheter | A new pulmonary artery catheter with a right ventricular (RV) port positioned closer to the tip (13 cm) was tested in 149 patients undergoing cardiothoracic or abdominal surgery, achieving successful continuous RV pressure monitoring in all but three cases. The new design improved placement feasibility without complications, suggesting it may help overcome prior positioning challenges and enhance perioperative RV monitoring. | 2024 | Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia |
| Lashin H, Olusanya O, Smith A, Bhattacharyya S. Association Between Right Ventricular Systolic Parameters Measured by Echocardiography and Stroke Volume Derived From Pulmonary Artery Catheter in Ischemic Cardiogenic Shock. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2024 Nov;38(11):2592-2600. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2024.07.024. Epub 2024 Jul 25. PMID: 39095212. | Right Ventricular Systolic Parameters Measured by Echocardiography and Stroke Volume Derived From Pulmonary Artery Catheter in Ischemic Cardiogenic Shock | In STEMI with CS, the median age was 61 years (84% male). Median PAC-derived SV and LVEF were 57 mL and 31%. RVOT VTI (r = 0.42) and TAPSE (r = 0.37) correlated with PAC-derived SV. RVOT VTI <12.7 cm predicted low SV (AUC = 0.71) with 66% sensitivity and 72% specificity, making it the key echocardiographic parameter for guiding management. | 2024 | J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
| Vandenheuvel M, Bouchez S, Labus J, Wouters P, Mauermann E. Introduction of a Vendor-Independent Application for Clinical Generation of Pressure-Volume Loops from Routine Hemodynamic Data: A Methodological Exploration. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2025 Feb;39(2):420-428. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2024.11.024. Epub 2024 Nov 26. PMID: 39674737. | Introduction of a Vendor-Independent Application for Clinical Generation of Pressure-Volume Loops from Routine Hemodynamic Data: A Methodological Exploration | This study introduces a vendor-independent application for constructing ventricular pressure-volume loops (PVLs) using routine clinical monitoring data, demonstrating feasibility in both simulated and real-world perioperative settings. Results suggest that this approach could enhance cardiovascular research and patient care, though further external validation is required. | 2025 | J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
| Thiel, J. N., Verhülsdonk, D., Steinseifer, U., Linden, K., Herberg, U., Friehs, I., … & Neidlin, M. (2025). An Interactive Computational Pipeline to Investigate Ventricular Hemodynamics with Real‐Time Three‐Dimensional Echocardiography and Computational Fluid Dynamics. Engineering Reports, 7(1), e13041 | An Interactive Computational Pipeline to Investigate Ventricular Hemodynamics with Real‐Time Three‐Dimensional Echocardiography and Computational Fluid Dynamics | This study introduces IP-HEART, an interactive open-source computational pipeline that streamlines geometry processing for patient-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of ventricular blood flow. By reducing preprocessing complexity and improving reproducibility, IP-HEART enables efficient integration of real-time echocardiography data, allowing for detailed hemodynamic analysis with validated clinical correlations. | 2025 | Engineering Reports |
| Yuriditsky E, Mireles-Cabodevila E, Alviar CL. How I Teach: Heart-Lung Interactions during Mechanical Ventilation. Positive Pressure and the Right Ventricle. ATS Sch. 2024 Dec 10:atsscholar20240059HT. doi: 10.34197/ats-scholar.2024-0059HT. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39909023. | How I Teach: Heart-Lung Interactions during Mechanical Ventilation. Positive Pressure and the Right Ventricle | Positive pressure ventilation can cause hemodynamic deterioration, particularly affecting the right heart, making heart-lung interactions a complex yet often misunderstood topic among clinicians. This article presents a teaching approach using two 30-minute didactic sessions—”How the right heart fills” and “How the right heart empties”—to clarify key physiological concepts and their clinical implications through lectures and simulated cases. | 2024 | ATS Sch |
| Baratto C, Dewachter C, Forton K, Muraru D, Gagliardi MF, Tomaselli M, Gavazzoni M, Perego GB, Senni M, Bondue A, Badano LP, Parati G, Vachiéry JL, Caravita S. Right ventricular reserve in cardiopulmonary disease: a simultaneous hemodynamic and three-dimensional echocardiographic study. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2024 Dec 25:S1053-2498(24)02036-9. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2024.12.022. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39730080. | Right ventricular reserve in cardiopulmonary disease: a simultaneous hemodynamic and three-dimensional echocardiographic study | Exhausted RV reserve, assessed by 3DE, was common in HFpEF and PVD, largely independent of classical afterload parameters, and linked to RV-PA decoupling, RV dilation, increased ventricular interdependence, and exercise limitation. Intrinsic RV dysfunction may play a role. | 2024 | J Heart Lung Transplant |
| Wearing OH, Chesler NC, Colebank MJ, Hacker TA, Lorenz JN, Simpson JA, West CR. Guidelines for assessing ventricular pressure-volume relationships in rodents. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2025 Jan 1;328(1):H120-H140. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00434.2024. Epub 2024 Dec 3. PMID: 39625460. | Guidelines for assessing ventricular pressure-volume relationships in rodents | Pressure-volume (PV) catheterization is the gold standard for evaluating cardiac function in animal models, but significant variability in protocols and analysis methods undermines reproducibility across studies. This manuscript provides consensus guidelines for conducting and interpreting rodent PV studies, aiming to standardize methodologies and improve the reliability of results in cardiovascular research. | 2025 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol |
| Ripollés-Melchor J, Tomé-Roca JL, Zorrilla-Vaca A, et al. Hemodynamic Management guided by the Hypotension Prediction Index in Abdominal Surgery: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial. Anesthesiology. Published online January 2, 2025. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000005355 | Hemodynamic Management guided by the Hypotension Prediction Index in Abdominal Surgery: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial | A multicenter randomized trial evaluated whether Hypotension Prediction Index (HPI)-guided therapy reduces postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in moderate-to-high-risk elective abdominal surgery patients but found no significant difference in AKI incidence (6.1% vs. 7.0%, P=0.66), overall complications, renal replacement therapy, hospital stay, or 30-day mortality compared to standard care. These findings suggest that HPI-guided management does not improve postoperative renal outcomes or overall complications in this patient population. | 2025 | Anesthesiology |
| Monnet X, Lai C, De Backer D. Why do we use transpulmonary thermodilution and pulmonary artery catheter in severe shock patients? Ann Intensive Care. 2025 Jan 14;15(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s13613-024-01400-4. PMID: 39808220; PMCID: PMC11732821. | Why do we use transpulmonary thermodilution and pulmonary artery catheter in severe shock patients? | In the management of the most severe and complex shock patients, a comprehensive understanding of haemodynamic status, including cardiac output (CO), is essential. Transpulmonary thermodilution (TPTD) and pulmonary artery catheterization (PAC) are considered the only methods that reliably measure CO and provide sufficient haemodynamic information to guide treatment in these cases. | 2025 | Ann Intensive Care |
| Lo Giudice F, Escribano-Subias P, Tello K, Kopec G, Ghio S, Giannakoulas G, D’Alto M, Filomena D, Manzi G, Orlando A, Greco A, Recchioni T, Yildiz S, López-Guarch CJ, Cruz-Utrilla A, Psochias P, Patsiou V, Stępniewski J, Jonas K, Scelsi L, Kremer N, Vergara A, Vizza CD, Naeije R, Badagliacca R. Echocardiography of the right heart in pulmonary arterial hypertension: insights from the ULTRA RIGHT VALUE study. Eur Heart J Imaging Methods Pract. 2025 Jan 15;3(1):qyae121. doi: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae121. PMID: 39816928; PMCID: PMC11733976. | Echocardiography of the right heart in pulmonary arterial hypertension: insights from the ULTRA RIGHT VALUE study | This multicentric study collected echocardiographic data with centralized reading from 401 patients with prevalent PAH, along with clinical variables such as WHO functional class, 6MWD, BNP/NT-proBNP, invasive hemodynamics, ESC/ERS four-strata scores, and REVEAL 2.0 scores. The echocardiographic measurements, including right heart dimensions, systolic function indices (e.g., TAPSE/sPAP), and RV-PA coupling estimates, correlated with clinical and hemodynamic parameters, providing a foundation for evaluating the added value of echocardiography in PAH risk assessment. | 2025 | Eur Heart J Imaging |
| Jian Z, Liu X, Kouz K, Settels JJ, Davies S, Scheeren TWL, Fleming NW, Veelo DP, Vlaar APJ, Sander M, Cannesson M, Berger D, Pinsky MR, Sessler DI, Hatib F, Saugel B. Deep learning model to identify and validate hypotension endotypes in surgical and critically ill patients. Br J Anaesth. 2025 Jan 8:S0007-0912(24)00712-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2024.10.048. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39788817. | Deep learning model to identify and validate hypotension endotypes in surgical and critically ill patients | Unsupervised deep learning identified four hypotension endotypes—vasodilation, hypovolemia, myocardial depression, and bradycardia—using haemodynamic data from surgical and critically ill patients. Validated across independent datasets, this approach could guide clinicians in tailoring treatments to the underlying causes of hypotension. | 2025 | Br J Anaesth |
| Association with Outcome of the Regurgitant-Volume Adjusted Right Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Secondary Tricuspid Regurgitation, Clement, Alexandra et al., Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography, January 21, 2025, DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2025.01.008 | Association with Outcome of the Regurgitant-Volume Adjusted Right Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Secondary Tricuspid Regurgitation | In 513 patients with STR, eRVEF, calculated as RV forward stroke volume divided by RV end-diastolic volume, showed a stronger association with the composite endpoint of all-cause mortality and heart failure hospitalization over a mean follow-up of 18 months than RVEF and other RV function indices. Patients with eRVEF <20% had a threefold higher risk of adverse events, highlighting its prognostic value in this population. | 2025 | Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography |
| Manoj R, Raj KV, Nabeel PM, Sivaprakasam M, Joseph J. Measurement of pressure dependent variations in local pulse wave velocity within a cardiac cycle from forward travelling pulse waves. Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 24;15(1):3066. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-87143-z. PMID: 39856220; PMCID: PMC11759701. | Measurement of pressure dependent variations in local pulse wave velocity within a cardiac cycle from forward travelling pulse waves | This study presents a method to measure pressure-dependent variations in local pulse wave velocity (PWV) by combining transit-time analysis with flow-based wave separation, minimizing the influence of wave reflections. Validated in 60 participants, the method significantly improved PWV measurement reliability, reducing variability and achieving strong agreement with reference values, demonstrating its potential for accurate cardiovascular risk assessment. | 2025 | Sci Rep |
| Grinstein, J, Blanco, P, Torii, R. et al. The Virtual Patient Simulator: Using Hemodynamics and the Cardioenergetic Profile to Optimize Heart Failure Care. J Am Coll Cardiol Basic Trans Science. null2025, 0 (0) .https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.01.009 | The Virtual Patient Simulator: Using Hemodynamics and the Cardioenergetic Profile to Optimize Heart Failure Care | Heart failure affects millions of patients, with many eligible for heart replacement therapy (HRT) never receiving it due to referral delays and limitations in current risk stratification methods. The Virtual Patient Simulator (VPS) integrates advanced hemodynamic and energetic modeling with machine learning to enhance risk prediction, improve clinical decision-making, and optimize patient outcomes by identifying the individual tipping point for disease progression and therapy response. | 2025 | J Am Coll Cardiol Basic Trans Science |
| Conductance catheterization compared to cardiac MRI environment in acquisition of pressure and volume loops for the physiological assessment of ventricular functionality. Gusseva, Maria et al. Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Volume 27, 101565. DOI: 10.1016/j.jocmr.2024.101565 | Conductance catheterization compared to cardiac MRI environment in acquisition of pressure and volume loops for the physiological assessment of ventricular functionality | This study compares conductance catheterization (C-Cath), fluid-filled catheter with MRI (FFcath+MRI), and model-derived methods for obtaining Pressure-Volume Loops (PVLs) in patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA), assessing their accuracy in evaluating left ventricular (LV) preparedness for surgery. Results indicate that model-derived PVLs provide more reliable max(dP/dt) estimations than C-Cath or FFcath+MRI, suggesting their potential utility in centers lacking specialized C-Cath equipment. | 2025 | Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance |
| Yuriditsky E, Zhang RS, Zhang P, Postelnicu R, Greco AA, Horowitz JM, Bernard S, Leiva O, Mukherjee V, Hena K, Elbaum L, Alviar CL, Keller NM, Bangalore S. Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Arterial Uncoupling as a Predictor of Invasive Hemodynamics and Normotensive Shock in Acute Pulmonary Embolism. Am J Cardiol. 2025 Feb 1;236:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.10.036. Epub 2024 Nov 4. PMID: 39505227. | Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Arterial Uncoupling as a Predictor of Invasive Hemodynamics and Normotensive Shock in Acute Pulmonary Embolism | This study demonstrates that the echocardiographic TAPSE/PASP ratio strongly predicts reduced cardiac index and normotensive shock in patients with acute pulmonary embolism undergoing mechanical thrombectomy. These findings suggest that noninvasive assessment of right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling may enhance risk stratification and hemodynamic evaluation in PE management. | 2025 | Am J Cardiol |
| Nishikawa T, Uemura K, Matsushita H, Morita H, Sato K, Yoshida Y, Fukumitsu M, Kawada T, Saku K. Development of a framework for the hemodynamic impact of positive end-expiratory pressure in normal and heart failure conditions. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2025 Feb 1;328(2):H361-H376. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00414.2024. Epub 2025 Jan 15. PMID: 39812692. | Development of a framework for the hemodynamic impact of positive end-expiratory pressure in normal and heart failure conditions | The study integrates PEEP into a generalized circulatory equilibrium framework, empirically links PEEP to intrathoracic pressure, and validates the model in eight dogs across normal, volume-loaded, and MI-induced heart failure states using baseline (no-PEEP) parameters to predict hemodynamics. Increasing PEEP lowered arterial pressure and cardiac output, decreased left atrial pressure in normal hearts but increased it after MI, and model predictions closely matched measurements (AP R² 0.92, CO R² 0.96, LAP R² 0.92), indicating PEEP’s hemodynamic effects are primarily driven by intrathoracic pressure and modulated by cardiac function. | 2025 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol |
| da Rocha BRB, Yogeswaran A, Lakatos BK, Fábián A, Gall H, Ghofrani HA, Kremer NC, Schäfer S, Seeger W, Zedler D, Yildiz S, Rako ZA, Kovács A, Tello K. Loss of right ventricular outflow function in pulmonary hypertension. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2025 Feb;44(2):273-277. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2024.09.026. Epub 2024 Oct 10. PMID: 39393615. | Loss of right ventricular outflow function in pulmonary hypertension | Three-dimensional (3D) echocardiographic assessment of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) function using ReVISION software revealed that patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) had significantly lower RVOT ejection fractions (EF) than healthy controls (30.4% vs. 44.2%, p < 0.001), with lower RVOT-EF correlating with greater disease severity and clinical worsening. Notably, even patients with preserved overall right ventricular function (RV-EF ≥35%) but reduced RVOT-EF had worse outcomes, highlighting the potential of segmental RVOT analysis for identifying high-risk PH patients. | 2025 | J Heart Lung Transplant |
| Araos, Joaquin D.V.M., Ph.D.; Glocker, Felix M.Sc.; Owyang, Clark G. M.D.; Teran, Felipe M.D.; Kim, Jiwon M.D.; Nieman, Gary B.S.; Heerdt, Paul M. M.D., Ph.D. Biventricular Response to Positive End-expiratory Pressure in Swine: Assessment Based on Beat-to-beat Pressure Waveform Analysis. Anesthesiology, February 13, 2025. | DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000005363 | Biventricular Response to Positive End-expiratory Pressure in Swine: Assessment Based on Beat-to-beat Pressure Waveform Analysis | Increasing positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) impairs right ventricular function by increasing afterload while preserving left ventricular function, with effects more pronounced at higher PEEP levels. This study suggests that continuous, beat-to-beat pressure-based analysis could provide a practical bedside alternative for monitoring PEEP-related hemodynamic changes. | 2025 | Anesthesiology |
| Neelakantan S, Vang A, Mehdi RR, et al. Right Ventricular Stiffening and Anisotropy Alterations in Pulmonary Hypertension: Mechanisms and Relations to Right Heart Failure. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025;14(5):e037126. doi:10.1161/JAHA.124.037126 | Right Ventricular Stiffening and Anisotropy Alterations in Pulmonary Hypertension: Mechanisms and Relations to Right Heart Failure. | This study used rat models of mild and severe pulmonary hypertension to investigate how right ventricular free-wall (RVFW) biomechanical remodeling at the fiber, tissue, and organ levels contributes to right ventricular dysfunction. Findings revealed that collagen fiber tautness and loss of myofiber anisotropy are key mechanisms driving maladaptive remodeling and RV-pulmonary artery uncoupling in severe disease. | 2025 | J Am Heart Assoc |
| Lyhne, M. D., Yuriditsky, E., Zochios, V., Dragsbaek, S. J., Hansen, J. V., Andersen, M. J., Mellemkjær, S., Kabrhel, C., & Andersen, A. (2025). Pulmonary Artery Pulsatility Index in Acute and Chronic Pulmonary Embolism. Medicina, 61(2), 363. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61020363 | Pulmonary Artery Pulsatility Index in Acute and Chronic Pulmonary Embolism | The pulmonary artery pulsatility index (PAPi) was evaluated as a marker of right ventricular (RV) injury in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), but it did not effectively distinguish PE from sham conditions or consistently detect therapeutic effects in humans. While PAPi changed with certain pharmacological interventions in experimental PE, it did not correlate well with cardiac output or RV-PA coupling, highlighting the need for further research to determine its clinical utility. | 2025 | Medicina |
| Sivakumar N, Zhang C, Chang-Chien C, et al. An Unsupervised Approach to Derive Right Ventricular Pressure-Volume Loop Phenotypes in Pulmonary Hypertension. Pulm Circ. 2025;15(1):e70057. Published 2025 Feb 20. doi:10.1002/pul2.70057 | An Unsupervised Approach to Derive Right Ventricular Pressure-Volume Loop Phenotypes in Pulmonary Hypertension | Right ventricle (RV) dysfunction is a key driver of clinical worsening in pulmonary hypertension (PH), but routine clinical assessments lack direct integration of RV function metrics. This study applied data-driven modeling to identify three distinct PV loop-derived RV phenotypes, demonstrating that clinically accessible hemodynamic and imaging measurements—particularly exercise mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP)—can predict these phenotypes with high accuracy (AUC = 0.93), potentially improving risk stratification and clinical decision-making. | 2025 | Pulm Circ |
| Siuba, M. T., et al. (2025, March). ARDS subphenotypes exhibit different right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling profiles. CHEST Critical Care, 3(1), 100119. | ARDS subphenotypes exhibit different right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling profiles | This study analyzed RV-PA coupling in ARDS subphenotypes, finding that the more severe, inflammatory subphenotype B had worse coupling metrics. These differences persisted even after adjusting for higher PEEP in subphenotype B. | 2025 | CHEST Critical Care |
| Sousa, M.L.A., Menga, L.S., Schreiber, A. et al. Individualized PEEP can improve both pulmonary hemodynamics and lung function in acute lung injury. Crit Care 29, 107 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-025-05325-7 | Individualized PEEP can improve both pulmonary hemodynamics and lung function in acute lung injury | This study compared three PEEP titration strategies in porcine lung injury models, showing that individualized PEEP optimizes ventilation and pulmonary hemodynamics, while minimizing pulmonary vascular resistance and optimizing cardiopulmonary interactions. Excessively low or high PEEP can impair pulmonary circulation. | 2025 | Crit Care |
| Ripollés-Melchor J, Tomé-Roca JL, Zorrilla-Vaca A, et al. Hemodynamic Management Guided by the Hypotension Prediction Index in Abdominal Surgery: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial. Anesthesiology. 2025;142(4):639-654. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000005355 | Hemodynamic Management Guided by the Hypotension Prediction Index in Abdominal Surgery: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial | In this multicenter randomized trial involving 917 patients undergoing moderate- to high-risk elective abdominal surgery, HPI-guided intraoperative hemodynamic management was compared to standard care. The results showed no significant reduction in moderate-to-severe postoperative acute kidney injury, overall complications, or other secondary outcomes with HPI-guided therapy. | 2025 | Anesthesiology |
| Oğuz M, Uzun M, Yılmaz İ, Erdem A, Demirci M, Duran NE. Pulmonary arterial stiffness and vascular tone in pulmonary hypertension: Insights from waveform-derived reflection index and hemodynamic correlations. Heart Lung. 2025;70:50-56. doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.11.007 | Pulmonary arterial stiffness and vascular tone in pulmonary hypertension: Insights from waveform-derived reflection index and hemodynamic correlations | This study evaluated the Reflection Index (RI) as a marker of pulmonary vascular changes in patients undergoing right heart catheterization for suspected pulmonary hypertension (PH). RI showed significant correlations with key hemodynamic and echocardiographic parameters and demonstrated moderate predictive power for PH, supporting its potential as an independent indicator of pulmonary arterial stiffness and vascular tone. | 2025 | Heart Lung |
| Machado, P., Cohen, I. S., Osler, B., McDonald, M. E., Esposito, C., Davis, M., Fischman, D., Savage, M. P., Mehrotra, P., Forsberg, F., & Dave, J. K. (2025). Left ventricular and aortic pressures measured with fluid-filled and solid-state pressure catheters: Similarities and differences. Journal of Interventional Cardiology. https://doi.org/10.1155/joic/9359365 | Left ventricular and aortic pressures measured with fluid-filled and solid-state pressure catheters: Similarities and differences | The study compared left ventricular and aortic pressures measured simultaneously using fluid-filled and solid-state pressure catheters in patients undergoing left heart catheterization. Results indicated that fluid-filled catheters significantly overestimated left ventricular systolic pressure, minimum-diastolic pressure, and aortic systolic pressure compared to solid-state catheters, though contraction and relaxation rates did not differ significantly between catheter types. | 2025 | Journal of Interventional Cardiology |
| Barrientos, L., et al. (Year). Deep learning-based measurement of isovolumic relaxation time from cardiovascular magnetic resonance long-axis cines: Validation with pressure-derived IVRT. Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, 27, 101286. | Deep learning-based measurement of isovolumic relaxation time from cardiovascular magnetic resonance long-axis cines: Validation with pressure-derived IVRT | The study developed and validated a deep learning-based method to automatically measure isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) from cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) long-axis cine images by tracking mitral and tricuspid valve plane motions. The automated IVRT measurements showed strong correlations with manual measurements and invasive pressure-derived IVRT, suggesting potential clinical utility in evaluating diastolic dysfunction. | 2025 | Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, |
| Kalra PR, Gogorishvili I, Khabeishvili G, et al. First-in-Human Implantable Inferior Vena Cava Sensor for Remote Care in Heart Failure: FUTURE-HF. JACC Heart Fail. Published online March 27, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2025.01.019 | First-in-Human Implantable Inferior Vena Cava Sensor for Remote Care in Heart Failure: FUTURE-HF | This first-in-human study evaluated the safety and feasibility of a novel implantable inferior vena cava (IVC) sensor for remote heart failure (HF) management, demonstrating successful implantation in 50 patients with high adherence and no device-related complications at 3 months. Sensor-derived IVC measurements showed strong correlation with CT values, and exploratory outcomes indicated potential clinical benefits, including reduced HF events and improved patient status. | 2025 | JACC Heart Fail |
| Reil JC, Sequeira V, Reil GH, Scholtz S, Rudolph V, Maack C, Serruys P, Steendijk P. Investigating the Anrep Effect in Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy With Invasive Pressure-Volume Analysis. JACC Adv. 2025 Apr 18;4(5):101728. doi: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2025.101728. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40286379. | Investigating the Anrep Effect in Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy With Invasive Pressure-Volume Analysis | This study demonstrates that the Anrep effect—a compensatory mechanism increasing contractility and prolonging systole in response to elevated afterload—is chronically activated in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). Following septal ablation (PTSMA), this effect was immediately reversed, leading to reduced afterload, contractility, and systolic duration, alongside improved mechanical efficiency. | 2025 | JACC Adv |
| Alipour Symakani RS, van Genuchten WJ, Zandbergen LM, Hirsch A, Wielopolski P, Bové T, Taverne YJHJ, Helbing WA, Bartelds B, Merkus D. Ventriculo-arterial coupling in pulmonary regurgitation following transannular patch repair of pulmonary stenosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2025 May 1;328(5):H1054-H1064. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00614.2024. Epub 2025 Mar 17. PMID: 40094247. | Ventriculo-arterial coupling in pulmonary regurgitation following transannular patch repair of pulmonary stenosis | This study evaluated ventriculo-arterial coupling (VAC) as an early marker of right ventricular dysfunction in a porcine model of chronic pulmonary regurgitation after transannular patch repair, mimicking tetralogy of Fallot. Despite right ventricular dysfunction, VAC remained preserved due to reduced afterload, indicating that VAC is unsuitable for early detection and that alternative markers focusing on diastolic function should be explored. | 2025 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol |
| Mukkamala R, Shroff SG, Kyriakoulis KG, Avolio AP, Stergiou GS. Cuffless Blood Pressure Measurement: Where Do We Actually Stand? Hypertension. 2025 Jun;82(6):957-970. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.125.24822. Epub 2025 Apr 15. PMID: 40231350. | Cuffless Blood Pressure Measurement: Where Do We Actually Stand? | Cuffless blood pressure measurement shows promise but remains challenging, as current methods relying on pulse wave analysis and arrival time need individual calibration, complicating accuracy and validation. Despite ongoing research, no clear evidence shows these methods outperform traditional cuffs, highlighting the need for robust validation and calibration-free solutions. | 2025 | Hypertension |
| George NR, Nabeel PM, Raj KV, Manoj R, Sivapraksam M, Joseph J. Single-element ultrasound system for high-resolution jugular venous pulse contour detection. Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 22;15(1):13902. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-98943-8. PMID: 40263608; PMCID: PMC12015375. | Single-element ultrasound system for high-resolution jugular venous pulse contour detection | This study presents a portable single-element ultrasound system for high-fidelity jugular venous pulse (JVP) waveform acquisition and contour analysis, overcoming limitations of conventional methods. Validated in 65 volunteers, the system showed strong correlation with reference measurements and achieved 92% sensitivity and specificity, demonstrating potential for non-invasive right atrial hemodynamics assessment. | 2025 | Sci Rep |
| Bhatt, B. J., Amir, H. M., Jones, S., Jamieson, A., Chaturvedi, N., Hughes, A., & Orini, M. (2025). Validation of a popular consumer-grade cuffless blood pressure device for continuous 24 h monitoring. European Heart Journal – Digital Health. https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjdh/ztaf044 | Validation of a popular consumer-grade cuffless blood pressure device for continuous 24 h monitoring | This study evaluated the accuracy of a consumer-grade cuffless wearable blood pressure monitor (Aktiia) against a medical-grade ambulatory device over 24 hours in 31 participants. The cuffless device showed poor to moderate agreement with the reference, significantly underestimated nocturnal dipping and BP variability, and demonstrated limited reliability for detecting high blood pressure. | 2025 | European Heart Journa |
| Mace MI, Lala-Trindade A, Fendler TJ, Sauer AJ. Emerging use of pulmonary artery and cardiac pressure sensing technology in the management of worsening heart failure events. Heart Fail Rev. Published online May 9, 2025. doi:10.1007/s10741-025-10513-2 | Emerging use of pulmonary artery and cardiac pressure sensing technology in the management of worsening heart failure events | Unplanned admissions for worsening heart failure (WHF) represent the greatest resource burden in heart failure (HF) management, largely due to the lack of objective, non-invasive tools to assess congestion and guide timely, personalized treatment. Recent advancements in pulmonary artery and cardiac pressure sensing technologies, including both invasive and non-invasive multi-parameter systems, show promise in transforming WHF management by enabling earlier intervention and reducing hospitalizations. | 2025 | Heart Fail Rev |
| Regazzoni F, Poggesi C, Ferrantini C. Elucidating the cellular determinants of the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship of the heart via computational modelling. J Physiol. 2025 May 11. doi: 10.1113/JP287282. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40349302. | Elucidating the cellular determinants of the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship of the heart via computational modelling | The left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVr), traditionally viewed as a fixed indicator of contractility, is shown through multiscale simulations to vary with contraction mode due to mechanical history effects involving calcium sensitivity and the force-velocity relationship. These findings indicate that the observed variability in ESPVr arises from intrinsic myocardial tissue properties rather than ventricular geometry, with implications for conditions like hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | 2025 | J Physiol |
| Aslam MI, Gruslova AB, Diaz Sanmartin LA, et al. An integrated pressure-volume loop and pulmonary artery catheter. JACC: Basic to Translational Science. 2025;10(8). Published July 31, 2025. | An integrated pressure-volume loop and pulmonary artery catheter | The study developed and validated an admittance technology pulmonary artery catheter capable of measuring instantaneous right ventricular pressure-volume loops. Validation in a swine model showed accurate volume measurements compared with MRI and foam casts, and the catheter reliably detected expected hemodynamic responses to pharmacologic and injury-induced perturbations. | 2025 | JACC: Basic to Translational Science |
| Godino C, Sisinni A, Raone L, et al. Hemodynamic Right Heart Catheterization Before Transcatheter Mitral and Tricuspid Therapies. Circ Heart Fail. Published online May 22, 2025. doi:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.124.012489 | Hemodynamic Right Heart Catheterization Before Transcatheter Mitral and Tricuspid Therapies | This review highlights the role of right heart catheterization (RHC) in guiding transcatheter mitral and tricuspid therapies by providing detailed hemodynamic assessment, particularly for evaluating pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular function, and patient risk stratification. While RHC is essential before tricuspid interventions (T-TEER), its use before mitral procedures (M-TEER) is more selective and reserved for complex or high-risk cases. | 2025 | Circ Heart Fail |
| Hungerford SL, Everett K, Lau E, Burkhoff D, Kapur NK. Pulmonary Circulation in Advanced Heart Failure and Cardiogenic Shock: State-of-the-Art Review. Circ Heart Fail. Published online June 2, 2025. doi:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.124.012611 | Pulmonary Circulation in Advanced Heart Failure and Cardiogenic Shock: State-of-the-Art Review | This review emphasizes that traditional measures of pulmonary vascular afterload, such as mean pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance, fail to capture the essential pulsatile and hydrostatic components that shape right ventricular load in advanced heart failure and cardiogenic shock. By re-evaluating the role of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and arterial compliance, especially in patients with low pulmonary vascular resistance, the authors propose a modern framework to better assess right ventricular vulnerability and guide therapy in the context of advanced mechanical circulatory support. | 2025 | Circ Heart Fail |
| Couture EJ, Calderone A, Zeng YH, et al. Instantaneous Right Ventricular to Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure Difference in Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective and Prospective Cohort Study. Can J Cardiol. 2025;41(6):1195-1206. doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2024.08.262 | Instantaneous Right Ventricular to Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure Difference in Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective and Prospective Cohort Study | This cohort study measured the intraoperative incidence of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO), defined as an instantaneous RVSP to PASP gradient of at least 6 mm Hg sustained for at least 5 minutes, using pulmonary artery catheters in retrospective and prospective cardiac surgery cohorts. RVOTO was common before and after cardiopulmonary bypass and was associated with higher cardiac output and greater exposure to pulmonary vasodilators and inotropes or milrinone, but it was not associated with differences in time with persistent organ dysfunction at 28 days. | 2025 | Can J Cardiol |
| Moon, G. S., Scheel, P. J., 3rd, Montovano, M., Kaushik, M., Buchanan, C., Friedman, S. H., Vanderpool, R., Allan, T., Aslam, M. I., Tedford, R. J., Mukherjee, M., Hassoun, P. M., Jani, V. P., & Hsu, S. (2025). A Novel Computational Pipeline for Acquiring Pressure-Volume Hemodynamics of the Right Ventricle in Pulmonary Hypertension. JACC. Heart failure, 102753. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2025.102753 | Development of computational pipeline for right ventricular hemodynamic single-beat analysis | This study introduces a computational pipeline that extracts load-independent right ventricular (RV) functional indices from screenshots of RV pressure-time waveforms acquired during routine right heart catheterization. The pipeline showed strong agreement with gold-standard single-beat analysis and identified prognostically relevant RV sub-phenotypes based on pressure-volume coupling metrics. | 2025 | JACC Heart Fail |
| Lloyd-Donald P, Fujino M, Waldman B, Miles LF. Measurement and interpretation of central venous pressure: a narrative review. Anaesthesia. Published online June 3, 2025. doi:10.1111/anae.16633 | Measurement and interpretation of central venous pressure: a narrative review | This narrative review examines the historical, physiological, and clinical aspects of central venous pressure (CVP), emphasizing its limitations as a standalone indicator of fluid responsiveness but its value when integrated with waveform analysis and trend monitoring. While CVP alone is a poor predictor of volume status, elevated CVP is associated with adverse outcomes, underscoring the importance of contextual interpretation in complex clinical scenarios. | 2025 | Anaesthesia |
| Kito K, Kataoka A, Okamoto M, et al. Feasibility of Party Balloon Inflation Manoeuvre for Haemodynamic Provocation: A Pilot Study in Healthy Volunteers. Eur Heart J Imaging Methods Pract. 2025;qyaf071. doi:10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf071 | Feasibility of Party Balloon Inflation Manoeuvre for Haemodynamic Provocation: A Pilot Study in Healthy Volunteers | This pilot study evaluated the feasibility of the Party Balloon Inflation Manoeuvre (PBIM) as a haemodynamic provocation tool in healthy volunteers. The results indicate that PBIM can induce significant and reproducible changes in cardiac haemodynamics, suggesting potential clinical utility for non-invasive cardiovascular assessment. | 2025 | Eur Heart J Imaging Methods Pract |
| Flick M, Gebhardt L, Bergholz A, et al. Continuous noninvasive blood pressure monitoring with wearable photoplethysmography: A method comparison study in high-risk patients recovering from noncardiac surgery. Eur J Anaesthesiol. Published online June 12, 2025. doi:10.1097/EJA.0000000000002222 | Continuous noninvasive blood pressure monitoring with wearable photoplethysmography: A method comparison study in high-risk patients recovering from noncardiac surgery | This prospective method comparison study evaluated the accuracy of Biobeat wrist and chest monitors against intra-arterial and oscillometric blood pressure measurements in 50 high-risk postoperative patients. Both Biobeat devices showed limited agreement with reference methods, indicating that they did not achieve clinically acceptable accuracy for continuous noninvasive blood pressure monitoring in this setting. | 2025 | Eur J Anaesthesiol |
| Kachabi A, Altieri Correa S, Chesler NC, Colebank MJ. Bayesian parameter inference and uncertainty quantification for a computational pulmonary hemodynamics model using Gaussian processes. Comput Biol Med. 2025;194:110552. doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2025.110552 | Bayesian parameter inference and uncertainty quantification for a computational pulmonary hemodynamics model using Gaussian processes | This study presents a subject-specific 1D fluid dynamics model, informed by experimental data from a dog model of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), to assess lung-specific microvascular resistance and its correlation with disease severity. By employing Gaussian process emulators for efficient calibration, the model enables rapid, uncertainty-aware evaluation of heterogeneous microvascular adaptation in CTEPH, supporting the development of targeted clinical interventions. | 2025 | Comput Biol Med |
| Lindow T, Manouras A, Strange G, et al. Echocardiography can accurately estimate pulmonary artery wedge pressure without left atrial volume information-diagnostic and prognostic performance. Eur Heart J Imaging Methods Pract. 2025;3(2):qyaf082. Published 2025 Jun 13. doi:10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf082 | Echocardiography can accurately estimate pulmonary artery wedge pressure without left atrial volume information-diagnostic and prognostic performance | This study derived and validated a new echocardiographic estimate of pulmonary artery wedge pressure excluding left atrial volume (ePAWP-NOLA) and found it to have comparable diagnostic and prognostic accuracy to traditional estimates that include LA volume (ePAWP-LA). ePAWP-NOLA outperformed the ASE/EACVI diastolic dysfunction algorithm in detecting elevated PAWP and was independently associated with clinical outcomes in two large cohorts. | 2025 | Eur Heart J Imaging Methods Pract |
| Herrmann EJ, Herrmann E, Tello K, et al. A Word of Caution-Potential Limitations of Pulmonary Artery Pressure Monitoring in Detecting Congestion Caused by Right-Sided Heart Failure. Biomedicines. 2025;13(6):1469. Published 2025 Jun 14. doi:10.3390/biomedicines13061469 | A Word of Caution-Potential Limitations of Pulmonary Artery Pressure Monitoring in Detecting Congestion Caused by Right-Sided Heart Failure | This study analyzed pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) trends before heart failure hospitalizations in 41 NYHA class III patients, distinguishing between left, right, and global cardiac decompensation. Results showed that PAP telemonitoring effectively detects early signs of left and global decompensation, but not right-sided events, highlighting the potential value of assessing RV-PA coupling and RV function to improve detection of impending right-sided or global deterioration. | 2025 | Biomedicines |
| Klein L, Fudim M, Etemadi M, et al. Noninvasive Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure Estimation in Heart Failure Patients With the Use of Wearable Sensing and AI. JACC Heart Fail. Published online June 19, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2025.102513 | Noninvasive Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure Estimation in Heart Failure Patients With the Use of Wearable Sensing and AI | This study presents a noninvasive method for estimating pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) in heart failure patients using a wearable sensor (CardioTag) and machine learning, validated against right heart catheterization in a multicenter cohort of 310 patients. The model demonstrated an error of 1.04 ± 5.57 mm Hg, suggesting accuracy comparable to implantable sensors and potential for broader clinical adoption due to its accessibility and lower cost. | 2025 | JACC Heart Fail |
| Genecand L, Simian G, Lichtblau M, et al. The Impact of Cardiac Output Methods on the Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension. Pulm Circ. 2025;15(2):e70112. Published 2025 Jun 19. doi:10.1002/pul2.70112 | The Impact of Cardiac Output Methods on the Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension | Cardiac output measurement method significantly influences pulmonary hypertension (PH) classification, yet this impact remains underexplored. Using a validated model on 1,142 PH patients, the study found that substituting thermodilution (COTD) for direct Fick (CODF) introduced a generally low diagnostic error risk overall, but a substantially higher risk in patients with isolated postcapillary or unclassified PH, particularly when pulmonary vascular resistance was near the diagnostic threshold. | 2025 | Pulm Circ |
| Hørsdal OK, Frederiksen PH, Helgestad OKL, et al. The Immediate Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Response in Ischemic Cardiogenic Shock. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. Published online June 24, 2025. doi:10.1007/s12265-025-10647-6 | The Immediate Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Response in Ischemic Cardiogenic Shock | In a porcine model of ischemic cardiogenic shock, myocardial ischemia led to a rapid decline in cardiac output primarily due to reduced stroke volume, with subsequent loss of contractility, increased afterload, and ventriculo-arterial decoupling. Diastolic dysfunction and mitochondrial damage were observed early, underscoring the importance of monitoring forward flow and addressing mitochondrial impairment in therapeutic strategies. | 2025 | J Cardiovasc Transl Res |
| Neelakantan, S., Mendiola, E. A., Zambrano, B., Vang, A., Myers, K. J., Zhang, P., Choudhary, G., & Avazmohammadi, R. (2025). Dissecting contributions of pulmonary arterial remodeling to right ventricular afterload in pulmonary hypertension. Bioengineering & Translational Medicine, 10(4), e70035. https://doi.org/10.1002/btm2.70035 | Dissecting contributions of pulmonary arterial remodeling to right ventricular afterload in pulmonary hypertension | This study used a subject-specific one-dimensional fluid-structure interaction model, integrating hemodynamic data, mechanical testing, and imaging, to quantify how pulmonary arterial remodeling contributes to pressure changes in pulmonary hypertension. The findings show that increased distal resistance primarily drives elevated maximum pulmonary artery pressure, while arterial stiffening mainly increases characteristic impedance, together worsening right ventricular afterload. | 2025 | Bioengineering & Translational Medicine |
| Caplan M, Chew MS, Hamzaoui O. Central venous pressure: current uses and prospects for an old parameter. Intensive Care Med. Published online June 25, 2025. doi:10.1007/s00134-025-07975-1 | Central venous pressure: current uses and prospects for an old parameter | Although central venous pressure (CVP) has lost favor as a predictor of fluid responsiveness, it remains valuable in hemodynamic management by reflecting venous return, right ventricular filling pressure, and organ perfusion. Recent perspectives emphasize interpreting CVP within physiological models and dynamic contexts—such as ventilation effects and venous congestion—rather than relying on absolute values alone. | 2025 | Intensive Care Med |
| Smiseth OA, Fernandes JF, Ohte N, Wakami K, Donal E, Remme EW, Lamata P. Imaging-based method to quantify left ventricular diastolic pressures. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2025 Jun 30;26(7):1184-1194. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaf017. Erratum in: Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2025 Aug 26:jeaf242. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaf242. PMID: 39821267; PMCID: PMC12206579. | Imaging-based method to quantify left ventricular diastolic pressures | This study proposes a non-invasive imaging-based method to quantify left ventricular diastolic pressures by combining echocardiographic parameters with a simplified pressure model. In 115 patients, the method showed good agreement with micromanometer measurements for minimum, pre-atrial contraction, and end-diastolic pressures, as well as for reconstructed diastolic pressure curves, though larger validation studies are needed. | 2025 | Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging |
| Tada, A., Omote, K., Fayyaz, A. U., Simard, T. J., Miranda, W. R., Naser, J. A., Reddy, Y. N. V., Redfield, M. M., & Borlaug, B. A. (2025). Pulmonary arterial wedge pressure exceeding left atrial pressure: Clinical implications. European Heart Journal. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf392 | Pulmonary arterial wedge pressure exceeding left atrial pressure: Clinical implications | Accurate assessment of left atrial pressure (LAP) is critical in managing heart failure and related conditions, but pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) may not reliably reflect LAP, especially in the presence of elevated pulmonary vascular resistance or venous pathology. This retrospective study analyzed patients undergoing transseptal catheterization to evaluate the clinical impact of elevated PAWP relative to LAP, excluding those with pulmonary veno-occlusive disease and including cases of pulmonary vein stenosis as a control. | 2025 | European Heart Journal |
| Caravita S, Liberatore M, Badano LP, et al. Determinants of Right Heart Hemodynamic Derangement in Patients With and Without Tricuspid Regurgitation. Circ Heart Fail. Published online July 2, 2025. doi:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.125.012813 | Determinants of Right Heart Hemodynamic Derangement in Patients With and Without Tricuspid Regurgitation | This study evaluated the hemodynamic correlates of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) severity using simultaneous 3D echocardiography and direct Fick catheterization in 74 patients. Findings revealed that TR severity is linked to lower stroke volume index, reduced right atrial compliance, and overestimation of cardiac index by the indirect Fick method, with RA V wave effects mediated by RA compliance. | 2025 | Circ Heart Fail |
| Müller J, Mayer L, Schneider SR, et al. Pulmonary haemodynamics and right heart function during exercise at high versus low altitude in patients with pulmonary vascular disease: a randomised crossover trial. Heart. Published online May 22, 2025. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2024-325605 | Pulmonary haemodynamics and right heart function during exercise at high versus low altitude in patients with pulmonary vascular disease: a randomised crossover trial | In this randomized crossover study, patients with stable PAH/CTEPH exhibited higher resting pulmonary arterial pressures and reduced right ventricular coupling at high altitude (2500 m) compared to low altitude (470 m), but exercise-induced haemodynamic responses were similar across altitudes. The type of exercise test (incremental vs constant work-rate) had a greater influence on haemodynamic patterns than altitude itself. | 2025 | Heart |
| Newman TAH, Matthews G, Assadi H, et al. Cardiac MRI-derived mean right atrial pressure and its prognostic importance. Open Heart. 2025;12(1):e003216. Published 2025 Jun 22. doi:10.1136/openhrt-2025-003216 | Cardiac MRI-derived mean right atrial pressure and its prognostic importance | This study developed a model to estimate mean right atrial pressure (mRAP) using cardiac MRI (CMR) by correlating CMR-derived atrial and ventricular measurements with invasively measured mRAP. CMR-derived mRAP, particularly values ≥10 mm Hg, was predictive of adverse clinical outcomes including oedema, heart failure hospitalisation, and mortality, demonstrating its prognostic value. | 2025 | Open Heart |
| Woodford SF, Rinehart J, Peyton P, Riedel B. Clarity in Hemodynamics and End-Organ Perfusion: Pulsatility, Patient Phenotype, and the Pressure Field as a Novel Approach. Anesth Analg. 2025;141(1):113-119. doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000007465 | Clarity in Hemodynamics and End-Organ Perfusion: Pulsatility, Patient Phenotype, and the Pressure Field as a Novel Approach | Current anesthesia management relies on time-averaged hemodynamic models that may obscure critical changes in perfusion, particularly during hemorrhage or in elderly patients with altered vascular physiology. The pressure field model, which incorporates pulsatile metrics such as systemic elastance (Esys) and accounts for patient phenotype, offers a beat-by-beat, individualized approach to guide fluid and vasopressor therapy more precisely and potentially improve end-organ outcomes. | 2025 | Anesth Analg |
| Lamarche-Fontaneto R, Oud L, Howell KD, et al. Cardiac output monitors in septic shock: do they deliver what matters? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care. 2025;29(1):299. Published 2025 Jul 12. doi:10.1186/s13054-025-05547-9 | Cardiac output monitors in septic shock: do they deliver what matters? A systematic review and meta-analysis | Most cardiac output monitors show poor agreement with reference methods in septic shock, with a pooled percentage error of 49% and only calibrated pulse contour analysis demonstrating acceptable performance (PE 25%). Despite widespread reliance on Bland-Altman analysis, key clinical metrics such as precision, time response, and trending ability were rarely assessed, limiting conclusions about real-world utility. | 2025 | Crit Care |
| Machado, P., Cohen, I. S., Osler, B., McDonald, M. E., Esposito, C., Davis, M., Fischman, D., Savage, M. P., Mehrotra, P., Forsberg, F., & Dave, J. K. (2025). Left ventricular and aortic pressures measured with fluid-filled and solid-state pressure catheters: Similarities and differences. Journal of Interventional Cardiology, 2025, 9359365. https://doi.org/10.1155/joic/9359365 | Left ventricular and aortic pressures measured with fluid-filled and solid-state pressure catheters: Similarities and differences | This study compared left ventricular (LV) and aortic (AO) pressures measured with fluid-filled versus high-fidelity solid-state catheters in 18 subjects undergoing left heart catheterization. Fluid-filled catheters significantly overestimated LV and AO systolic pressures and underestimated LV minimum-diastolic pressure, while other pressure values and contraction/relaxation rates showed no significant differences. | 2025 | ournal of Interventional Cardiology |
| Agarwal, S., Miller, A., Hsu, S., Rahaghi, F. N., Visovatti, S., & Vanderpool, R. R. (2025). RV IsoMax: Development of a web-based single-beat analysis tool for the determination of RV-PA coupling [Preprint]. medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.21.25331587 | RV IsoMax: Development of a web-based single-beat analysis tool for the determination of RV-PA coupling | This study introduced RV IsoMax, a web-based single-beat analysis tool that semi-automatically estimates right ventricular maximum isovolumetric pressure (Pmax) with high interobserver agreement (ICC 0.96). Compared to the 2nd derivative method, RV IsoMax showed significantly higher Pmax values, highlighting that cut-off values between single-beat methods are not interchangeable. | 2025 | medRxiv |
| Garg P, Bana A, Matthews G, et al. Haemodynamic implications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J Imaging Methods Pract. 2025;3(2):qyaf086. Published 2025 Jul 25. doi:10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf086 | Haemodynamic implications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in acute myocardial infarction | In 69 STEMI patients, CMR-derived pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) was associated with greater myocardial injury, adverse LV remodelling, and lower ejection fraction both acutely and at 3-month follow-up. Baseline CMR PCWP independently predicted follow-up LV function, suggesting its potential value for risk stratification and guiding therapy after STEMI. | 2025 | Eur Heart J Imaging Methods Pract |
| Brunner S, Stolz L, Kresoja KP, et al. The Relevance of Right Ventricular Function and Dimension in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Tricuspid Edge-to-Edge Repair. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2025;18(14):1737-1745. doi:10.1016/j.jcin.2025.05.037 | The Relevance of Right Ventricular Function and Dimension in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Tricuspid Edge-to-Edge Repair | In 2,191 patients from the EuroTR registry undergoing transcatheter tricuspid edge-to-edge repair (T-TEER), RV dysfunction, RV dilation, and residual TR were independent predictors of mortality and heart failure hospitalization. Patients with both RV dysfunction and dilation had the poorest outcomes, highlighting the importance of early intervention and maximal TR reduction to improve prognosis. | 2025 | JACC Cardiovasc Interv |
| Weil BR, Graser L, Rasam S, Zimmer H, Konecny F, Techiryan G, Starling C, Qu J, Canty JM Jr. Persistent Fibrosis and Left Ventricular Chamber Stiffening Despite Cessation of Repetitive Pressure Overload in Swine. JACC Basic Transl Sci. 2025 Jun;10(6):844-859. doi: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.02.009. Epub 2025 Apr 30. PMID: 40562497; PMCID: PMC12230478. | Persistent Fibrosis and Left Ventricular Chamber Stiffening Despite Cessation of Repetitive Pressure Overload in Swine | In swine, two weeks of daily phenylephrine-induced pressure overload caused left ventricular (LV) fibrosis and chamber stiffening that persisted despite 2–4 weeks of recovery. The sustained LV stiffening, associated with extracellular matrix remodeling, suggests a mechanism for hypertrophy-independent LV stiffness in the absence of chronic hypertension. | 2025 | JACC Basic Transl Sci |
| Fukumitsu M, Hotta N, Kawada T, Nishikawa T, Saku K. A rapid increase in left atrial pressure reduces pulmonary arterial compliance in rats: insights from pulmonary arterial impedance analysis. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2025;139(2):496-508. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00073.2025 | A rapid increase in left atrial pressure reduces pulmonary arterial compliance in rats: insights from pulmonary arterial impedance analysis | This study investigated the influence of elevated left atrial (LA) pressure on pulmonary arterial (PA) impedance estimation in rats, comparing a standard one-input, one-output (I1O1) analysis with a two-input, one-output (I2O1) analysis that accounts for LA pressure. The results showed that while both methods performed well under normal conditions, elevated LA pressure impaired I1O1 accuracy, and I2O1 revealed that increased LA pressure significantly reduced pulmonary arterial compliance without affecting resistance or characteristic impedance. | 2025 | J Appl Physiol |
| Michard F, Romagnoli S. Not all pulse contour algorithms are created equal. Crit Care. 2025 Jul 30;29(1):336. doi: 10.1186/s13054-025-05589-z. PMID: 40739236; PMCID: PMC12312448. | Not all pulse contour algorithms are created equal | Pulmonary artery catheterization and transpulmonary thermodilution are valuable, but pulse contour methods should not be dismissed wholesale: perceived superiority of calibrated systems often reflects periodic resetting to reference despite identical algorithms, PRAM can be used with standard transducers and now includes an electronic underdamping filter, and all waveform-based methods require vigilant artifact management. Head-to-head studies show heterogeneous performance among uncalibrated algorithms (e.g., PulseCO, PRAM, MBA often outperforming FloTrac and sometimes PiCCO, with variable effects of vasodilation/vasopressors), indicating that not all uncalibrated algorithms are equivalent and that the most robust merit further evaluation in complex ICU patients, including septic shock. | 2025 | Crit Care |
| Thal BR, Rako ZA, Kremer NC, et al. Exercise haemodynamics in pulmonary hypertension – a prospective pressure-volume loop study on right ventricular adaptation and prognosis. Eur J Heart Fail. Published online August 7, 2025. doi:10.1002/ejhf.3802 | Exercise haemodynamics in pulmonary hypertension – a prospective pressure-volume loop study on right ventricular adaptation and prognosis | In 46 patients with pulmonary hypertension, exercise revealed two RV adaptation patterns: homeometric (increased contractile reserve with preserved coupling) and heterometric (impaired adaptation with worse prognosis). Heterometric adaptation was strongly associated with clinical worsening and mortality, with ΔsPAP and peak cardiac index emerging as key differentiators of RV response beyond mPAP/CO slope. | 2025 | Eur J Heart Fail |
| Saugel B, Hapfelmeier A, Flick M, et al. Statistical Analysis and Reporting of Cardiac Output Method Comparison Studies (COMPARE) Statement. Anesthesiology. 2025;143(3):518-532. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000005559 | Statistical Analysis and Reporting of Cardiac Output Method Comparison Studies (COMPARE) Statement | The COMPARE statement provides a standardized framework with a 29-item checklist for designing, conducting, and reporting cardiac output method comparison studies. Its adoption aims to improve consistency, transparency, and external validity in evaluating cardiac output monitoring methods. | 2025 | Anesthesiology |
| Lechuga CG, Raza F, Colebank MJ, et al. Role of Characteristic Pulmonary Impedance With Exercise for Detection of Abnormal Pulmonary Vascular Response and Uncoupling in Pulmonary Hypertension Resulting From Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Chest. 2025;168(2):488-501. doi:10.1016/j.chest.2025.02.019 | Role of Characteristic Pulmonary Impedance With Exercise for Detection of Abnormal Pulmonary Vascular Response and Uncoupling in Pulmonary Hypertension Resulting From Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction | In this pilot study, patients with PH-HFpEF demonstrated a significant negative correlation between characteristic impedance (ZC) and RV-PA coupling during exercise, a relationship absent in precapillary PH. These findings suggest that abnormal exercise-induced pulsatile hemodynamics, rather than steady-state measures, may be critical in identifying RV-PA uncoupling and RV dysfunction in left-sided heart disease. | 2025 | Chest |
| Zalawadiya S, Abraham J, Rathman L, et al. Early Reduction of Pulmonary Artery Pressures Is Associated With Improved Mortality Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Heart Failure. JACC Heart Fail. Published online August 13, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2025.102589 | Early Reduction of Pulmonary Artery Pressures Is Associated With Improved Mortality Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Heart Failure | In a large real-world Medicare cohort of patients implanted with CardioMEMS sensors, elevated baseline pulmonary artery diastolic pressure (PAD) was common and associated with higher mortality, while achieving acceptable PAD within 90 days predicted improved survival. These findings underscore the prognostic value of early PAD trajectories and highlight the need for standardized management strategies targeting elevated PAD. | 2025 | JACC Heart Fail |
| Bilgi C, Pahlevan NM. A novel analytical framework for noninvasive estimation of left ventricular pressure and pressure-volume loops. Physiol Meas. 2025 Aug 13;46(8). doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/adf6fd. PMID: 40752508. | A novel analytical framework for noninvasive estimation of left ventricular pressure and pressure-volume loops | This study presents a novel noninvasive method to estimate left ventricular pressure (LVP) waveforms and reconstruct pressure–volume (PV) loops using carotid pressure waveforms and cardiac imaging, eliminating the need for invasive catheterization. Applied to 77 subjects, the method reliably detected hallmark hemodynamic alterations in heart failure patients, demonstrating strong alignment with established clinical findings and offering potential for routine assessment of ventricular function in clinical practice. | 2025 | Physiol Meas |
| Slobod D, Zochios V, Yusuff H, Lyhne MD, Denault AY. Right Ventricular Hemodynamics in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Monitoring and Implications for Clinical Management. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. Published online August 13, 2025. doi:10.1164/rccm.202505-1125CI | Right Ventricular Hemodynamics in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Monitoring and Implications for Clinical Management | Right ventricular injury and pulmonary vascular dysfunction are common in acute respiratory distress syndrome, and right ventricular injury is linked to higher mortality, so multi-modal monitoring and timely right ventricle-targeted interventions may improve outcomes. This narrative review outlines how invasive hemodynamics, echocardiography, and pulmonary monitoring can be used together in invasively ventilated patients to guide personalized bedside therapies that protect the right ventricle by targeting right ventricular and pulmonary pathophysiology. | 2025 | Am J Respir Crit Care Med |
| Frostelid VC, Wajdan A, Villegas-Martinez M, et al. Continuous and Autonomous Monitoring of Changes in Left Ventricular dP/dtmax Using an Epicardial Accelerometer. Ann Biomed Eng. Published online August 18, 2025. doi:10.1007/s10439-025-03828-6 | Continuous and Autonomous Monitoring of Changes in Left Ventricular dP/dtmax Using an Epicardial Accelerometer | This study introduces a method to reconstruct the 3D position of an epicardially attached accelerometer, enabling analysis of cardiac function in a Lagrangian reference frame. A novel index, the standard deviation of Lagrangian acceleration (σAcc), correlated strongly with left ventricular contractility in animal data, suggesting potential for continuous and autonomous monitoring of heart function. | 2025 | Ann Biomed Eng |
| Venet M, Malik A, Gold S, Zhang N, Gopaul J, Dauz J, Yazaki K, Ponzoni M, Coles JG, Maynes JT, Sun M, Howell A, Chaturvedi R, Mertens L, Mroczek D, Uike K, Baranger J, Friedberg MK, Villemain O. Impact of Right Ventricular Pressure Overload on Myocardial Stiffness Assessed by Natural Wave Imaging. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2025 Feb;18(2):211-225. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2024.06.020. Epub 2024 Aug 21. PMID: 39177563. | Impact of Right Ventricular Pressure Overload on Myocardial Stiffness Assessed by Natural Wave Imaging | This study evaluated right ventricular natural wave velocity (NWV) as a surrogate for myocardial stiffness in rodent models and children with RV pressure overload, showing significantly higher NWV compared with controls. NWV correlated strongly with both systolic and diastolic hemodynamic parameters, suggesting early-systolic NWV reflects contractility while early-diastolic NWV indicates diastolic function. | 2025 | JACC Cardiovasc Imaging |
| Tamborini A, Aghilinejad A, Matthews RV, Gharib M. Machine Learning Reconstruction of Left Ventricular Pressure From Peripheral Waveforms. JACC Adv. Published online August 22, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jacadv.2025.102104 | Machine Learning Reconstruction of Left Ventricular Pressure From Peripheral Waveforms | This study developed a cuff-based machine learning (cuff-ML) method to reconstruct left ventricular (LV) pressure noninvasively from brachial cuff waveforms and validated it against invasive catheterization data. The cuff-ML approach achieved high accuracy in waveform reconstruction and pressure parameter estimation, enabling detection of abnormal systolic contractility with moderate sensitivity and specificity. | 2025 | JACC Adv |
| Geddes JR, Jensen CW, Tanade C, et al. Digital twins for noninvasively measuring predictive markers of right heart failure. NPJ Digit Med. 2025;8(1):545. Published 2025 Aug 25. doi:10.1038/s41746-025-01920-8 | Digital twins for noninvasively measuring predictive markers of right heart failure | Digital twins provide a noninvasive method for patient-specific monitoring in heart failure by simulating hemodynamic changes and predicting pulmonary artery pressures with 3D computational fluid dynamics. Validated against invasive data, our framework demonstrates the potential of digital twins to improve heart failure management through continuous monitoring and early detection of disease progression. | 2025 | NPJ Digit Med |
| Lobo, S. M., & Pinsky, M. R. (2025). Right ventricle and venous system: Bridging physiology and clinical practice. A narrative review. Critical Care Science, 37, e20250121. https://doi.org/10.62675/2965-2774.20250121 | Right ventricle and venous system: Bridging physiology and clinical practice | The cardiovascular system ensures oxygen delivery through the interplay of cardiac output, arterial oxygen content, vascular regulation, and ventricular performance. This review emphasizes the critical role of right ventricular and venous function in hemodynamic regulation, particularly during shock and resuscitation. | 2025 | Critical Care Science |
| Zile, M. R., Abraham, W. T., Lindenfeld, J., Anker, S. D., Rodés-Cabau, J., Pfeiffer, M. P., Boehmer, J. P., Litwin, S., Baicu, C. F., Núñez Villota, J., Lee, E. C., Holcomb, R., O’Keefe, P., Eigler, N. L., & Stone, G. W., RELIEVE-HF Investigators. (2025). Mechanistic basis for differential effects of interatrial shunt treatment in HFrEF vs HFpEF: The RELIEVE-HF trial. JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging. Advance online publication | Mechanistic basis for differential effects of interatrial shunt treatment in HFrEF vs HFpEF: The RELIEVE-HF trial | The RELIEVE-HF trial found that interatrial shunt treatment led to reverse left ventricular remodeling and improved outcomes in patients with HFrEF, but caused adverse right heart remodeling and increased pulmonary artery pressures in patients with HFpEF. These differential structural and functional changes provide a mechanistic explanation for the opposite clinical outcomes observed between the two groups. | 2025 | JACC |
| Mohama D, Worapongsatitaya P, Celestin B, et al. Comparison of the prognostic value of right atrial echocardiographic parameters in pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2025;44(8):1343-1347. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2025.03.009 | Comparison of the prognostic value of right atrial echocardiographic parameters in pulmonary arterial hypertension | In 332 adult patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, right atrial (RA) area strongly correlated with RA volume (r = 0.96), and higher RA dimensions were associated with increased risk of mortality or transplant after adjustment for age and sex. However, no RA parameter independently predicted transplant-free survival when adjusted for clinical risk score, although RA area index showed the best discriminatory ability. | 2025 | J Heart Lung Transplant |
| Kremer N, Tello K. Right heart catheterisation in the assessment of suspected pulmonary hypertension. In: Boucly A, Kovacs G, Condliffe R, eds. Pulmonary Hypertension (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2025; pp. 45–59 [https://doi.org/10.1183/2312508X.10019324]. | Right heart catheterisation in the assessment of suspected pulmonary hypertension | Right heart catheterization (RHC) is the gold standard for diagnosing pulmonary hypertension (PH), enabling differentiation of PH subtypes, risk stratification, and advanced assessments such as vasoreactivity or exercise testing, but it requires technical expertise to avoid errors. Given the complexity of interpretation and the scrutiny of key thresholds like PAWP, RHC should be performed in specialized PH centers to ensure accurate diagnosis, guide therapy, and provide prognostic insights into RV–pulmonary artery coupling. | 2025 | Pulmonary Hypertension (ERS Monograph) |
| Rinehart J, Srivastava I, Woo B, Coeckelenbergh S, Saugel B. Error Field Concordance Analysis: A New Statistical Method and Python Package to Assess Cardiac Output Concordance. Anesth Analg. Published online August 29, 2025. doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000007704 | Error Field Concordance Analysis: A New Statistical Method and Python Package to Assess Cardiac Output Concordance | Error field concordance analysis is a new statistical method that combines the strengths of 4-quadrant and polar plot analyses while addressing their limitations, providing a color-coded Cartesian approach with an interpretable concordance score. Compared with existing methods, it more reliably differentiates strong concordance, loose concordance, noise, and discordance without data exclusion, avoiding artificial inflation and outperforming traditional analyses. | 2025 | Anesth Analg |
| Hungerford SL, Gulati G, Everett K, et al. Assessment of Ventriculo-Arterial Interactions in Early and Undifferentiated Pulmonary Hypertension Using Wave Intensity Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc. Published online August 29, 2025. doi:10.1161/JAHA.125.042831 | Assessment of Ventriculo-Arterial Interactions in Early and Undifferentiated Pulmonary Hypertension Using Wave Intensity Analysis | Pulmonary wave intensity analysis in patients with suspected pulmonary hypertension showed that peak wave intensity and speed increase with mean pulmonary artery pressure, while reflected wave timing remains unchanged. These metrics, particularly wave speed, may help detect pulmonary arterial stiffening and early right ventricular changes before overt structural abnormalities occur. | 2025 | J Am Heart Assoc. |
| Chemla, D., Beurnier, A., Gerges, C., Jaïs, X., Boucly, A., Savale, L., Sitbon, O., Humbert, M., Montani, D., & Hervé, P. (2025). Pulmonary arterial stiffness as the main correlate of effective arterial elastance in pre- and post-capillary pulmonary hypertension. Respiratory Medicine and Research, 101204. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resmer.2025.101204 | Pulmonary arterial stiffness as the main correlate of effective arterial elastance in pre- and post-capillary pulmonary hypertension | In patients with pulmonary hypertension, the simplified estimate of effective arterial elastance (EasPAP) correlated most strongly with pulmonary arterial stiffness (pulse pressure/stroke volume), rather than with pulmonary vascular resistance. These findings suggest that right ventricular responses are primarily influenced by pulsatile load, which has important clinical and therapeutic implications. | 2025 | Respiratory Medicine and Research |
| Heerdt, P. M., & Kariya, T. (2025). Right ventricular function and echocardiographic pressure-volume loops: There is more to the story. Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2025.08.057 | Right ventricular function and echocardiographic pressure-volume loops: There is more to the story | The letter acknowledges the value of single-beat right ventricular (RV) pressure–volume (PV) loop analysis for assessing cardiac function but stresses that generating loops from pressure and 3D echocardiography is not as straightforward as it may appear, due to technical challenges with assumptions, synchronization, and data fidelity. The authors argue that while PV loops are informative, practical bedside application is difficult, and simpler alternatives such as stroke volume/end-systolic volume ratios or pressure-derived metrics may be more feasible. | 2025 | Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia |
| Matusov Y, Kolaitis NA, Geft D, DesJardin J, Barnett C, Hage A, De Marco T, Lewis MI. Best Practices for Right Heart Catheterization in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Hypertension. Chest. 2025 May 16:S0012-3692(25)00579-3. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2025.05.009. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40383185. | Best Practices for Right Heart Catheterization in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Hypertension | Right heart catheterization remains the gold standard for diagnosing pulmonary hypertension, but variations in practice and pitfalls can introduce significant diagnostic errors. This review highlights best practices and pathophysiological principles to ensure accurate measurements, with emphasis on pulmonary artery wedge pressure assessment and advanced applications in pulmonary hypertension. | 2025 | Chest |
| Kremer, N., Glocker, F., Schaefer, S., Janetzko, P., Yogeswaran, A., Rako, Z., Thal, B., Hopf, H.-B., Seeger, W., Ghofrani, H.-A., Heerdt, P. M., & Tello, K. (2025). Method for generating right ventricular pressure–volume loops in routine practice. Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2025.09.002 | Method for generating right ventricular pressure–volume loops in routine practice | This study presents and validates a novel algorithm that reconstructs right ventricular pressure–volume loops from routine right heart catheterization pressure waveforms, eliminating the need for conductance catheterization. The method showed strong agreement with conductance catheterization and echocardiography for key functional parameters, supporting its feasibility for clinical integration. | 2025 | Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation |
| Lechuga CG, Raza F, Colebank MJ, Korcarz CE, Eickhoff JC, Chesler NC. Wave intensity analysis with exercise identifies impairments in pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2025 Sep 12. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00194.2025. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40939029. | Wave intensity analysis with exercise identifies impairments in pulmonary hypertension | This prospective study applied wave intensity analysis in 25 participants (22 with pulmonary hypertension, 3 without) to assess right ventricular–pulmonary vascular interactions at rest and during exercise. Distinct wave intensity patterns were identified across pulmonary hypertension phenotypes, with correlations to right ventricular function, vascular impedance, compliance, and oxygen consumption, highlighting the method’s potential to reveal vessel-specific pathobiology and cardiopulmonary reserve. | 2025 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol |
| Vollbrecht TM, Hart C, Katemann C, et al. Fetal 4D Flow CMR for Advanced Diagnostics of Congenital Heart Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. Published online September 9, 2025. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jeaf265 | Fetal 4D Flow CMR for Advanced Diagnostics of Congenital Heart Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study | In a prospective cohort of late-gestation pregnancies, fetal 4D flow CMR achieved diagnostic-quality data in 81% of cases and revealed significant flow differences between normal fetuses and several CHD phenotypes, with higher combined ventricular output in normals. Beyond cine imaging, 4D flow supplied additional, postnatally confirmed diagnostic findings in 51% of CHD fetuses, demonstrating clinical feasibility and added value for prenatal CHD assessment. | 2025 | Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging |
| Lee XA, Raschzok S, Desjardins JF, et al. Left ventricular pressure-loading improves pressure-induced right ventricular remodeling by redistributing mechanical load and reducing mechanosignaling. Physiol Rep. 2025;13(18):e70546. doi:10.14814/phy2.70546 | Left ventricular pressure-loading improves pressure-induced right ventricular remodeling by redistributing mechanical load and reducing mechanosignaling | The study combined computational modeling with an in vivo double-banding rat model, constricting the pulmonary artery and transverse aorta, to test whether increasing LV afterload during RV pressure overload benefits RV performance; modeling predicted that LV loading homogenizes RV load and augments RV contractility. Experimentally, moderate LV loading improved RV function and remodeling compared with pulmonary artery banding alone or mild loading, raising TAPSE, lowering EDP with a steeper EDPVR, reducing RV fibrosis, and normalizing or downregulating maladaptive molecular markers, which supports calibrated LV pressure-loading as a potential therapeutic strategy in congenital heart disease. | 2025 | Physiol Rep |
| Feloukidis C, Kosmidis D, Arvanitaki A, et al. Echocardiographic right-ventricular global wasted work predicts hemodynamics and risk profile in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. Published online September 16, 2025. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jeaf272 | Echocardiographic right-ventricular global wasted work predicts hemodynamics and risk profile in pulmonary arterial hypertension | In 58 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, echocardiographic right ventricular myocardial work indices, particularly right ventricular global wasted work (RVGWW), were higher in the guideline-defined high-risk group, global work efficiency was lower, and RVGWW correlated with invasive haemodynamics (mPAP, PVR, SVI, PAC). RVGWW cut-offs stratified severity and risk: values above 83 to 84 mmHg% indicated high probability of PAC below 2.3 mL/mmHg and mPAP above 40 mmHg, values above 120 mmHg% indicated SVI below 31 mL/m², and values above 175 mmHg% identified patients at high mortality risk. | 2025 | Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging |
| Joosen, R. S., Dickinson, M. G., van de Veerdonk, M. C., Alipour Symakani, R. S., Merkus, D., Voskuil, M., Krings, G. J., & Breur, J. M. P. J. (2025). Right ventricular pressure-volume loop analysis in congenital heart disease. International Journal of Cardiology Congenital Heart Disease. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcchd.2025.100625 | Right ventricular pressure-volume loop analysis in congenital heart disease | This guide demonstrates that right ventricular pressure–volume loop analysis using the multi-beat method can be safely and reliably performed in pediatric and adult patients with complex congenital heart disease. As a load-independent gold-standard assessment, it provides advanced insight into right ventricular adaptation to pressure and volume overload, with potential to enhance patient management and optimize treatment. | 2025 | International Journal of Cardiology Congenital Heart Disease |
| Dhamotharan V, Jazini M, Kumar R, et al. A popular validated home monitor uses the maximum oscillogram amplitude to compute blood pressure. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):35095. Published 2025 Oct 8. doi:10.1038/s41598-025-18850-w | A popular validated home monitor uses the maximum oscillogram amplitude to compute blood pressure | The study analyzed a validated home oscillometric BP monitor using a simulator, external sensor, and four mandrels to assess how cuff fit and pulse-pressure–induced oscillogram changes affect algorithm performance. A variable-ratio method inversely scaled to the maximum oscillogram amplitude matched the monitor far better than a fixed-ratio approach (SBP/DBP errors 1.5/0.8 mmHg vs 5.8/1.5 mmHg), suggesting amplitude-based adaptation underlies device operation. | 2025 | Sci Rep |
| Isotani Y, Amiya E, Hatano M, et al. Right ventricular systolic and diastolic parameters based on pressure-volume loop theory in heart failure. Can J Cardiol. Published online October 9, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2025.09.048 | Right ventricular systolic and diastolic parameters based on pressure-volume loop theory in heart failure | In 254 hospitalized heart failure patients, right ventricular systolic and diastolic parameters derived from right-heart catheter pressure waveforms predicted the composite of all-cause mortality or urgent heart-failure hospitalization. Predictive value differed by ejection fraction: low RVEes/Ea was the stronger independent predictor when LVEF <40%, whereas elevated RVβ was more predictive when LVEF ≥40%, with both remaining significant after multivariable adjustment. | 2025 | Can J Cardiol |
| Burkhoff, D. (2025). Pressure-Volume Analysis in Clinical Practice: Looking to the Past Helps Us See the Future. Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2025.10.003 | Pressure-Volume Analysis in Clinical Practice: Looking to the Past Helps Us See the Future | The article traces the evolution of ventricular pressure–volume analysis from 19th-century work through the Suga and Sagawa elastance framework and the conductance catheter era, establishing it as the gold standard for ventricular mechanics and ventricular–arterial coupling while noting limited clinical adoption. It reviews a pressure-based method that reconstructs right-ventricular pressure–volume loops from standard catheter signals, demonstrates agreement with conductance catheter metrics, and could broaden clinical use and enable outcome studies. | 2025 | Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation |
| Muller, G., Contou, D., Ehrmann, S., Martin, M., Andreu, P., Kamel, T., Boissier, F., Azais, M. A., Monnier, A., Vimeux, S., Chenal, A., Nay, M. A., Salmon Gandonnière, C., Lascarrou, J. B., Roudaut, J. B., Plantefève, G., Giraudeau, B., Lakhal, K., Tavernier, E., Boulain, T., … CRICS-TRIGGERSEP F-CRIN Network and the EVERDAC Trial Group. (2025). Deferring Arterial Catheterization in Critically Ill Patients with Shock. The New England journal of medicine, 10.1056/NEJMoa2502136. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2502136 | Deferring Arterial Catheterization in Critically Ill Patients with Shock. | In a multicenter, open-label noninferiority RCT of ICU patients with shock randomized within 24 hours, early arterial catheter insertion was compared with noninvasive automated cuff monitoring that allowed deferred catheterization per safety criteria; the primary endpoint was 28-day all-cause mortality with a 5-percentage-point margin. The noninvasive strategy was noninferior (28-day mortality 34.3% vs 36.9%; adjusted risk difference −3.2 percentage points, 95% CI −8.9 to 2.5; P=0.006 for noninferiority) and, while associated with slightly more device-related discomfort, resulted in substantially fewer catheter-related hematomas/hemorrhages (1.0% vs 8.2%). | 2025 | The New England journal of medicine |
| Osouli, K., De Gaetano, F., Costantino, M. L., & Peirlinck, M. (2025). Heart in a knot: unraveling the impact of the nested tori myofiber architecture on ventricular mechanics. Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology, 24(5), 1815–1835. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-025-01995-y | Heart in a knot: unraveling the impact of the nested tori myofiber architecture on ventricular mechanics | This study introduces a new left ventricular myofiber architecture model based on Streeter’s nested tori concept, representing the myocardium as smoothly twisting toroidal surfaces with continuous myofiber and sheetlet fields, and compares it against conventional nested ellipsoidal rule-based models using high-fidelity cardiac simulations. The nested tori architecture more closely matches experimental myofiber and sheetlet angles, enhances sheetlet mobility, ejection fraction, deformation, wall rotation, and myofiber stress/shortening behavior, offering a more physiologically consistent framework with potential applications in cardiac diagnosis, bioinspired device design, and the study of healthy and diseased cardiac mechanics. | 2025 | Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology |
| Gallone, G., Baldetti, L., Konicoff, M., Ibero, J., Maestro-Benedicto, A., Morley-Smith, A., Vela, M. M., Fiorelli, F., Peterzan, M., Edwards, G., Raj, B., Baston, V., Pidello, S., Frea, S., Vandenbriele, C., Panoulas, V., Loforte, A., De Ferrari, G. M., Bowles, C., Saez, D. G., … Riesgo Gil, F. (2025). Validation of the Hemodynamic Classification System for Hemodynamic-Related Events in Patients With Durable Left Ventricular Assist Devices. Journal of the American Heart Association, 14(20), e041475. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.125.041475 | Validation of the Hemodynamic Classification System for Hemodynamic-Related Events in Patients With Durable Left Ventricular Assist Devices | In patients with durable LVADs, the recently proposed Hemodynamic Classification System for hemodynamic-related events (right heart failure and aortic insufficiency) reliably identified pathophysiologic clusters and was strongly associated with higher risks of heart failure hospitalization or cardiovascular death, with risk rising across worsening RHF and AI stages. Validation in 183 patients showed that both RHF and AI HDREs, alone or combined, carried substantial prognostic weight, supporting the use of this classification system to guide targeted strategies to mitigate HDREs and improve long-term LVAD outcomes. | 2025 | Journal of the American Heart Association |
| Bombace, S., Rosch, S., Schöber, A. R., von Roeder, M., Schlotter, F., Rommel, K. P., Blessing, R., Lücke, C., Gutberlet, M., Sannino, A., Thiele, H., Lurz, P., & Kresoja, K. P. (2025). Adaptation of right ventricular function following tricuspid transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. ESC heart failure, 10.1002/ehf2.70001. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.70001 | Adaptation of right ventricular function following tricuspid transcatheter edge-to-edge repair | In patients with significant tricuspid regurgitation undergoing T-TEER, early right ventricular response on CMR was heterogeneous and largely determined by baseline RV function, RV–pulmonary arterial coupling, and subsequent TR progression, with most patients showing decreased or stable RVEF but improved effective RVEF due to TR reduction. Paradoxically, the small subgroup with increased RVEF had lower baseline RVEF, worsening TR, and the highest rates of death or heart failure hospitalization, indicating that an isolated RVEF increase post T-TEER may signal maladaptive remodeling and worse prognosis. | 2025 | ESC heart failure |
| Moura-Ferreira, S., Pugliese, N. R., Milani, M., Taddei, S., Jacobs, A., De Biase, N., Dhont, S., Falter, M., Bekhuis, Y., L’Hoyes, W., Hoedemakers, S., Droogmans, S., Cosyns, B., Jasaityte, R., Claessen, G., Del Punta, L., Herbots, L., De Carlo, M., Mazzola, M., Bertrand, P. B., … Verwerft, J. (2025). Prognostic Value of Exercise Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Arterial Coupling in Primary Mitral Regurgitation. Circulation, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.073778. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.073778 | Prognostic Value of Exercise Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Arterial Coupling in Primary Mitral Regurgitation | In patients with moderate or severe primary mitral regurgitation, right ventricular–pulmonary arterial coupling assessed by exercise TAPSE/sPAP, especially at the intermediate workload (first ventilatory threshold), was strongly and independently associated with a composite of cardiovascular death, hospitalization, and new atrial fibrillation. Intermediate exTAPSE/sPAP provided robust, feasible, and incremental prognostic value beyond resting RV–PA coupling and peak VO₂, and its performance was confirmed in an independent validation cohort, supporting its use for refined risk stratification and management. | 2025 | Circulation |
| Rosato, A., Perra, E., Rullman, E., & Dual, S. A. (2025). Walking-induced inertial effects on the cardiovascular system. Frontiers in network physiology, 5, 1637551. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnetp.2025.1637551 | Walking-induced inertial effects on the cardiovascular system | This study presents a closed-loop cardiovascular model that incorporates inertial effects from body acceleration during walking by adding hydrodynamic pressure sources to vascular compartments, and validates it using head-up tilt, synthetic walking simulations, and human walking data. Including inertial contributions markedly improves agreement between simulated and measured arterial pressure waveforms and reveals phase-dependent pressure augmentation and low-frequency beating phenomena, providing a mechanistic framework for studying and optimizing cardiac–locomotor interaction during exercise. | 2025 | Frontiers in network physiology |
| Stringer Dorsey N, Baratto C, Prins KW, Atkins JL, Amoroso NS, Biscopink A, Taylor EA, Carnicelli AP, Parati G, Badano LP, Houston BA, Silkowski M, Caravita S, Tedford RJ, Rao VN. Association of moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation with exercise hemodynamics and outcomes in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: multicenter study. J Card Fail. 2025 Nov 9. doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2025.09.011. | Association of moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation with exercise hemodynamics and outcomes in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: multicenter study | In patients undergoing exercise right heart catheterization who met criteria for exercise HFpEF, those with moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation were older and showed worse hemodynamics, with lower cardiac output and steeper pulmonary pressure–flow relationships during exercise. Moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation was associated with a more than threefold higher risk of 5-year composite events (heart failure hospitalization or death) compared with absent or mild tricuspid regurgitation. | 2025 | J Card Fail |
| Kremer, N., Thal, B. R., Janetzko, P., Rako, Z. A., Yogeswaran, A., Bonnet, S., Pullamsetti, S., Seeger, W., Naeije, R., Grimminger, F., Ghofrani, H. A., & Tello, K. (2025). Acute Hemodynamic Effects of Sotatercept. Circulation, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.076913. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.076913 | Acute Hemodynamic Effects of Sotatercept | In this small RV Monitoring study of ten patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, continuous right ventricular pressure recording showed that a single low-dose sotatercept injection produced an early, uniform decrease in RV afterload and contractility with preserved RV–pulmonary arterial coupling and a marked heart rate reduction, consistent with rapid selective pulmonary vascular unloading. In contrast, rapid intravenous treprostinil titration only reduced RV pressures and improved RV–PA coupling once infusion rates exceeded ~10 ng/kg/min and was accompanied by increasing heart rate, supporting the need for aggressive in-hospital uptitration to achieve meaningful RV unloading. | 2025 | Circulation |
| Lamarche-Fontaneto R, Miyashita S, Abualsaud R, Patel R, Tonelli AR, Siuba MT. Agreement among cardiac-output measurement techniques in high cardiac-output states. J Card Fail. 2025;31(11):1759–1762. | Agreement among cardiac-output measurement techniques in high cardiac-output states | High cardiac output states, defined by a cardiac index > 4.0 L·min⁻¹·m⁻² with elevated filling pressures, arise from conditions such as obesity, anemia, AV shunting, and systemic inflammation, are driven by low systemic vascular resistance and high metabolic demand, and are associated with maladaptive physiology and adverse outcomes; accurate cardiac output measurement in this setting is difficult, with direct Fick as the complex reference standard and indirect Fick further limited by errors in estimated oxygen consumption. In a retrospective single-center cohort of 52 patients with high-output hemodynamics undergoing right-heart catheterization, thermodilution and indirect Fick showed poor agreement with direct Fick and systematically underestimated cardiac output, particularly at higher flows and, for thermodilution, in patients with pulmonary vascular resistance ≥ 2 Wood units, supporting preferential use of direct Fick and the need for improved alternative techniques in this population. | 2025 | J Card Fail |
| Borlaug B. A. (2025). Supine Is Divine: Hemodynamic Exercise Testing Assessments Should Be in the Supine Position. Journal of cardiac failure, 31(11), 1743–1745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2025.08.009 | Supine Is Divine: Hemodynamic Exercise Testing Assessments Should Be in the Supine Position | Invasive hemodynamic exercise testing is the gold standard for diagnosing or excluding HFpEF in patients with unexplained dyspnea and can be performed in either the supine or upright position. Although some have argued that upright testing is superior, significant concerns about its complexity, accuracy, and interpretive limitations support supine testing as the preferred approach for most patients evaluated for HFpEF. | 2025 | J Card Fail |
| Fudim M. (2025). Fight for Upright: Hemodynamic Exercise Testing Assessments Should Be Made in the Upright Position. Journal of cardiac failure, 31(11), 1746–1748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2025.08.008 | Fight for Upright: Hemodynamic Exercise Testing Assessments Should Be Made in the Upright Position | Invasive hemodynamic testing is central to evaluating unexplained exertional dyspnea and is particularly important for diagnosing and phenotyping HFpEF. Although right heart catheterization has traditionally been performed in the supine position and considered the standard, both older and newer data increasingly question this convention. | 2025 | J Card Fail |
| Masiero, G., Arturi, F., Ceni, S., Panza, A., Kresoja, K.-P., von Stein, J., Fortmeier, V., Koell, B., Rottbauer, W., Kassar, M., Goebel, B., Denti, P., Achouh, P., Rassaf, T., Barreiro-Perez, M., Boekstegers, P., Rück, A., Zdanyte, M., Adamo, M., … Tarantini, G. (2025). Invasive hemodynamics and risk stratification in T-TEER: Moving beyond ESC thresholds: EuroTR registry insights. Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions, 18, e015964. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.125.015964 | Invasive hemodynamics and risk stratification in T-TEER: Moving beyond ESC thresholds: EuroTR registry insights | In this EuroTR subanalysis of 711 patients undergoing isolated transcatheter tricuspid edge-to-edge repair, elevated invasive hemodynamic parameters, particularly PCWP ≥20 mm Hg as well as mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥32 mm Hg and pulmonary vascular resistance ≥5 WU, were associated with higher rates of early patient centered clinical deterioration and 2 year death or heart failure hospitalization. Although functional status generally improved and residual tricuspid regurgitation was not linked to baseline hemodynamics, patients with higher mean pulmonary artery pressure or PCWP experienced less symptomatic benefit, supporting the importance of comprehensive right heart catheterization for preprocedural risk stratification. | 2025 | Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions |
| Owyang, C. G., Teran, F., Landau, A., Suh, C., Satalin, J. M., Lopez, D., Searles, B., Nejatollahi, M., Kulthinee, S., King, A., Finkelstein, R., Berlin, D., Martin-Flores, M., Heerdt, P. M., & Araos, J. (2025). Differential biventricular responses to VA-ECMO flow ramping after cardiac arrest: Establishment of a preclinical ECPR model with PV loop monitoring. Resuscitation Plus, 26, 101153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101153 | Differential biventricular responses to VA-ECMO flow ramping after cardiac arrest: Establishment of a preclinical ECPR model with PV loop monitoring | In a swine cardiac arrest model with VA-ECMO, the authors demonstrate the feasibility of simultaneous biventricular pressure–volume loop monitoring across graded ECMO flows, revealing marked right ventricular ventriculo-arterial uncoupling and loss of efficiency contrasted with partial left ventricular contractile recovery and preserved efficiency despite increased afterload. This preclinical ECPR platform enables high-fidelity mechanistic study of differential ventricular adaptations to ECMO support under controlled conditions. | 2025 | Resuscitation Plus |
| van den Enden, A. J. M., van den Dorpel, M. M. P., Mondellini, G. M., Adrichem, R., Mattace-raso, A. M., Barros Bastos, M., Schreuder, J. J., Lenzen, M. J., Kardys, I., Geleijnse, M. L., Nuis, R. J., Daemen, J., Meuwese, C. L., Burkhoff, D., & Van Mieghem, N. M. (2025). Immediate effects of transcatheter aortic valve replacement on left ventricular cardiac mechanics in moderate aortic stenosis: A case series with in vivo pressure-volume reconstructions. Journal of Cardiac Failure, 31(11), 1754–1758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2025.08.011 | Immediate effects of transcatheter aortic valve replacement on left ventricular cardiac mechanics in moderate aortic stenosis: A case series with in vivo pressure-volume reconstructions | In patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction and moderate aortic stenosis, TAVR immediately reduced LV afterload, improved LV–aortic coupling, and was associated with lower myocardial oxygen expenditure and higher cardiac efficiency, despite an acute decrease in LV contractility. These favorable changes in LV cardiac mechanics may further support considering TAVR in this patient population. | 2025 | J Card Fail |
| Gessner, R., Hübner, A. C., Stöbe, S., Rudolph, U. M., Unger, L., Schmeisser, A., Steendijk, P., Uhe, T., Stegmann, T., Lavall, D., Hagendorff, A., Laufs, U., & Wachter, R. (2025). Diagnosing HFpEF in Patients With Unexplained Dyspnea by Using Invasive Left Ventricular Pressure-Volume Loops. Journal of cardiac failure, 31(11), 1661–1671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2025.09.010 | Diagnosing HFpEF in Patients With Unexplained Dyspnea by Using Invasive Left Ventricular Pressure-Volume Loops | This study invasively assessed left ventricular pressure–volume loops in 28 euvolemic patients with unexplained exertional dyspnea and preserved ejection fraction to estimate HFpEF prevalence and validate noninvasive diagnostic algorithms, finding HFpEF in 93% of patients, including many with normal filling pressures but abnormal relaxation or increased LV stiffness. Noninvasive scores (H2FPEF and HFA-PEFF) showed excellent specificity but poor sensitivity, suggesting that many HFpEF patients are missed and that improved detection strategies are needed, particularly for those with normal hemodynamics but impaired diastolic properties. | 2025 | J Card Fail |
| Buxo T, Greene BR, Sweeney F, et al. A Novel Implantable Inferior Vena Cava Sensor: Validation of Remote Monitoring Derived Area with Computerized Tomography. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2025;2025:1-5. doi:10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11254216 | A Novel Implantable Inferior Vena Cava Sensor: Validation of Remote Monitoring Derived Area with Computerized Tomography | In patients with heart failure, a novel implantable inferior vena cava (IVC) sensor enables daily remote monitoring of IVC area and respiratory collapsibility to detect volume overload earlier and support proactive management. In a validation against concurrent CT at 3 months post-implantation (N=56), sensor-derived IVC area closely matched CT measurements (r=0.99, p<0.001) with low error and tight Bland–Altman agreement, supporting its potential for continuous ambulatory congestion monitorin | 2025 | Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc |
| Smiseth OA, Fernandes JF, Ohte N, et al. Imaging-based method to quantify left ventricular diastolic pressures. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2025;26(7):1184-1194. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jeaf017 | Imaging-based method to quantify left ventricular diastolic pressures | In 115 patients with suspected coronary artery disease, the authors developed a non-invasive echocardiography-based approach to estimate key left ventricular diastolic pressures (minimum, pre–atrial contraction, and end-diastolic pressure) and reconstruct a patient-specific diastolic pressure curve, using volume/strain measures, mitral inflow velocities, cuff systolic pressure, and body mass index plus a simplified Navier–Stokes transmitral pressure term. In a testing cohort, estimated pressures and the resulting diastolic pressure curves showed good agreement with micromanometer measurements (minimal bias and limits of agreement around 3 mmHg), but larger validation across diverse phenotypes is still needed. | 2025 | Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging |
| Cohen JB, Byfield RL, Hardy ST, et al. Cuffless Devices for the Measurement of Blood Pressure: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Hypertension. Published online December 11, 2025. doi:10.1161/HYP.0000000000000254 | Cuffless Devices for the Measurement of Blood Pressure: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association | Conventional cuff-based blood pressure monitoring is uncomfortable, inconvenient, and typically provides infrequent readings, whereas cuffless devices could enable far more accessible and frequent measurement in research and clinical care. However, major evidence gaps remain regarding when and how these high-volume readings relate to outcomes and guide interventions, and many devices still lack adequate real-world accuracy and efficacy validation despite some FDA clearances and widespread patient self-use. | 2025 | Hypertension |
| Thal BR, Rako ZA, Kremer NC, et al. Exercise haemodynamics in pulmonary hypertension – a prospective pressure-volume loop study on right ventricular adaptation and prognosis. Eur J Heart Fail. 2025;27(12):3180-3192. doi:10.1002/ejhf.3802 | Exercise haemodynamics in pulmonary hypertension – a prospective pressure-volume loop study on right ventricular adaptation and prognosis | In a prospective study of 46 pulmonary hypertension patients undergoing invasive and imaging assessments at rest and during exercise, two right-ventricular exercise adaptation patterns were identified: homeometric (increased contractile reserve with preserved RV–pulmonary arterial coupling) and heterometric. Heterometric adaptation was strongly associated with clinical worsening and mortality risk, and while the mPAP/CO slope did not distinguish groups, exercise-induced systolic pulmonary arterial pressure change (ΔsPAP) and peak exercise cardiac index differentiated adaptation patterns and may aid prognostication. | 2025 | Eur J Heart Fail |
| Belkin MN, Fudim M, Baratto C, et al. Standardization of Baseline and Provocative Invasive Hemodynamic Protocols for the Evaluation of Heart Failure and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circ Heart Fail. Published online January 6, 2026. doi:10.1161/HHF.0000000000000088 | Standardization of Baseline and Provocative Invasive Hemodynamic Protocols for the Evaluation of Heart Failure and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association | Contemporary cardiovascular care increasingly depends on both baseline and provocative invasive hemodynamic testing, often performed serially, to accurately diagnose and manage conditions such as cardiogenic shock, HFpEF, pulmonary hypertension, and LVAD support. This scientific statement addresses ongoing nonstandardization by summarizing evidence-based best practices and providing actionable protocols to standardize static and provocative right heart catheterization, including vasodilator, volume, exercise, and LVAD ramp study approaches, as well as guidance on interpreting temporal hemodynamic changes. | 2026 | Circ Heart Fail |
| Mirus M, Saugel B, Spieth PM. Hemodynamic monitoring: basic principles in operation room and intensive care unit. J Clin Monit Comput. Published online January 6, 2026. doi:10.1007/s10877-025-01397-6 | Hemodynamic monitoring: basic principles in operation room and intensive care unit | This educational, physiology-anchored review integrates perioperative and ICU hemodynamics to determine which variables to monitor and what targets to pursue, comparing invasive and non-invasive modalities while summarizing evidence from goal-directed therapy trials. It argues that MAP cannot be interpreted alone (it depends on CO, SVR, and RAP), that venous return and oxygen delivery require broader assessment, and that effective care hinges on individualized, trend-based, physiologically reasoned targets using appropriately calibrated and correctly interpreted monitoring tools. | 2026 | J Clin Monit Comput |
| Harada T, Sorimachi H, Obokata M, et al. Echocardiographic Diastolic Function Grading in HFpEF: Testing the Updated 2025 ASE Criteria. J Am Coll Cardiol. Published online January 7, 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2025.11.024 | Echocardiographic Diastolic Function Grading in HFpEF: Testing the Updated 2025 ASE Criteria | A 2026 JACC study evaluated the updated 2025 ASE echocardiographic diastolic-function grading algorithm in invasively confirmed HFpEF and found it often labels patients as normal or Grade 1 despite elevated filling pressures, yielding high false-negative rates (including ~90% with the recommended stress criteria) and poor discrimination versus noncardiac dyspnea (AUC ~0.61). Even when graded normal/Grade 1, HFpEF patients had substantially higher adverse-event risk than controls, so diastolic grades should be interpreted alongside pretest probability and HFpEF-specific diagnostic frameworks rather than used to rule out HFpEF. | 2026 | J Am Coll Cardiol |
| Le Dantec P, Liets T, Burdeau J, et al. Evolution and Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular to Pulmonary Artery Coupling During Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy Up-Titration. Circ Heart Fail. Published online January 7, 2026. doi:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.125.012980 | Evolution and Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular to Pulmonary Artery Coupling During Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy Up-Titration | In 291 heart failure patients with LVEF <50% followed during guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) up-titration, right-ventricular size and function improved significantly, including RV–pulmonary artery coupling measured by TAPSE/systolic pulmonary artery pressure (0.62 to 0.81 mm/mmHg). A low TAPSE/sPAP ratio at follow-up (<0.65) independently predicted death or acute HF hospitalization and added prognostic information beyond established factors, including LVEF, supporting RV–PA coupling as a potential treatment target during GDMT optimization. | 2026 | Circ Heart Fail |
| Sarma D, Granger H, Stouffer J, Dix M, Hocking K, Brinkley DM, et al. The prognostic significance of invasive hemodynamic variables in ambulatory patients with heart failure. Journal of Cardiac Failure – Intersections. 2026 Jan 8. Epub ahead of print. doi:10.1016/j.yjcafi.2025.11.005. | The prognostic significance of invasive hemodynamic variables in ambulatory patients with heart failure | In 276 ambulatory heart failure patients undergoing elective right heart catheterization, both congestion markers (central venous pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure) and flow markers (cardiac index, aortic pulsatility index) were associated with 12-month mortality on univariate analysis. After multivariable adjustment, only chronic kidney disease, lower cardiac index, and higher pulmonary vascular resistance remained independently associated with 12-month mortality. | 2026 | Journal of Cardiac Failure – Intersections |
| Grinstein J, et al. Bedside integration of ventricular–arterial coupling, cardiac energetics, and advanced hemodynamics in the management of heart failure. Journal of Cardiac Failure – Intersections. 2(1):86-88. | Bedside integration of ventricular–arterial coupling, cardiac energetics, and advanced hemodynamics in the management of heart failure | The article argues that standard invasive hemodynamic interpretation in heart failure (focused on congestion vs perfusion and imperfect measures like cardiac output and fixed filling-pressure cutpoints) has important limitations, and proposes “advanced hemodynamics” that integrate pressure, volume, and flow to characterize cardiac energetics and patient-specific performance. It highlights the aortic pulsatility index (API) and cardiac power output (CPO), combined as a myocardial performance score (MPS), to classify patients by power and efficiency and potentially improve prognostication and therapy selection, while noting that further validation and clinical-outcomes data are still needed. | 2026 | Journal of Cardiac Failure |
| Yogeswaran A, Kremer NC, Tello K. Multi-beat right ventricular–pulmonary arterial coupling and survival in pulmonary hypertension: are we missing the right signals? European Respiratory Journal. 2026;67(1):2502501. doi:10.1183/13993003.02501-2025 | Multi-beat right ventricular–pulmonary arterial coupling and survival in pulmonary hypertension: are we missing the right signals? | Rosen et al. show that right ventricular–pulmonary arterial (RV–PA) coupling derived from multi-beat pressure–volume loops predicts transplant-free survival in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. The authors argue this supports RV–PA coupling as a physiologically grounded, robust marker of disease severity, clinical worsening, and survival that could complement traditional haemodynamic indices for risk stratification. | 2026 | European Respiratory Journal |
| De Man R, Cai Z, Doddaballapur P, et al. Proximal Pulmonary Artery Stiffening as a Biomarker of Cardiopulmonary Aging. Aging Cell. 2026;25(2):e70383. doi:10.1111/acel.70383 | Proximal Pulmonary Artery Stiffening as a Biomarker of Cardiopulmonary Aging | The geroscience hypothesis proposes that uncovering the mechanisms of aging will allow us to delay or reduce age-related diseases and disability, and mechanical factors are increasingly recognized as important contributors to this process. Using mouse models, the study shows that aging stiffens the proximal pulmonary artery and reduces its energy storage capacity through collagen reorientation, which is linked to worse exercise performance plus impaired lung and right ventricle function, alongside conserved findings in accelerated-aging models and transcriptional signatures of senescence and extracellular matrix remodeling involving TGFβ and enhanced intercellular signaling among perivascular macrophages, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells. | 2026 | Aging Cell |
| Kurdi H, Thornton G, Shiwani H, et al. Reappraising cardiac function with myocardial contraction fraction: normal values, disease detection and prognostication. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. Published online January 22, 2026. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jeag019 | Reappraising cardiac function with myocardial contraction fraction: normal values, disease detection and prognostication | Across four imaging datasets analyzed with a validated AI algorithm, myocardial contraction fraction (MCF), defined as stroke volume divided by myocardial volume, showed clear sex differences but no age association, enabling sex-specific reference ranges in 3,541 healthy UK Biobank participants. Compared with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), MCF better distinguished physiological adaptation from multiple structural heart diseases, tracked worsening hypertension while LVEF increased, and provided stronger prognostic performance in an external cohort. | 2026 | Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging |
| Lechuga CG, Kachabi A, Colebank MJ, Korcarz CE, Raza F, Chesler NC. Patient-Specific Lumped-Parameter Model for Quantifying Vessel-Specific Remodeling and Predicting Right Ventricular Function in Pulmonary Hypertension. Compr Physiol. 2026;16(1):e70102. doi:10.1002/cph4.70102 | Patient-Specific Lumped-Parameter Model for Quantifying Vessel-Specific Remodeling and Predicting Right Ventricular Function in Pulmonary Hypertension | A patient-specific lumped-parameter model calibrated to right heart catheterization and echocardiography data quantified vessel-specific pulmonary vascular remodeling and simulated right ventricular pressure-volume loops across pulmonary hypertension phenotypes, showing good agreement with clinical pressure and flow. Model-derived parameters and predicted pressure-volume loop metrics revealed phenotype-specific differences and enabled qualitative separability by linear discriminant analysis, suggesting added clinical value from nonmeasurable features for distinguishing phenotypes. | 2026 | Compr Physiol |
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